Maryland Historical Magazine Summer 1917

MARYLAND
HISTORICAL MAGAZINE

Vol. XII. JUNE, 1917. No. 2.

LOED BALTIMOEE'S CONTEST WITH SIR DAVID
KIRKE OVER AVALON.

Henry J, Beekley, M. D.

The scene opens with the beginning years of the seventeenth
century. The minor King, Louis XIII, son of the great
Henry of Navarre, was seated on the throne of France. His
Minister Cardinal Richelieu, had assumed the leadership of the
nation, and was employed in consolidating the Oatholic inter-
ests into a common cause against the Huguenots. Unable to
endure the persecution longer, about the year of grace 1618, a
certain Gervase Kertk, with his family and relatives aban-
doned their home in the seaport town of Dieppe, Normandy,
and fled to London, Kertk was a man well versed in the lore
of tJie sea, and in London, by his sterling qualities, as well as
ability soon attracted the attention of those interested in over-
sea commerce. Soon he became associated with the Barkeley
Brothers, William and Francis, wealthy merchants, who were
deeply interested in the welfare of the East India, the Levant
and Muscovite Companies, trading in the several directions
indicated by their names. Later, we find Kertk acting with
Sir William Alexander, afterwards Earl of Sterling, in a proj-
ect of his for colonizing the maritime regions of Canada, after-
wards known as Nova Scotia and by the French as La Cadie,
Under a charter from King James, given in direct conflict with

107

108 " MARYLAND HISTORICAT. MAaAZIJOJ.

the anterior French, claims to tliis region^ Alexander settled a
colony of Scotsmen there in 1622-23, and remained with them
until the marriage of Charles I with the Princess Henrietta
Maria, a sister of Louis XIII took place and the grant for the
Nova Scotian Province was abrogated by the diplomacy 0/
Cardinal EichelieTi.

The Kertks, naturally, were enraged at the treatment they
had received in their native land, and their resentment was
nourished and increased by the tales of the later Calvinists
fleeing from France after the fall of La Eochelle, and the con-
quest of other strongholds of the faith.

The restoration of Acadia, with its beginning prospects for
trade and profits further angered them. With their co-relig-
ionists who had recently arrived in England, they planned ven-
geance at the first opportunity. This was not long in coming.
In 162'7 war was declared between England and France, leav-
ing Canada and the maritime provinces open to attack by any
enemy strong enough to subdue and hold the comparatively
weak forts and towns along the shores of the coast and rivers.
The Kertks associated with them in their venture Sir William
Alexander and the brothers, Barkeley, whose facilities with
shipping were an immediate and essential necessity to them,
A Company of Merchant Adventurers was especially chartered
for the purpose of reducing the Canadian Provinces, promoting
trade there, and of holding them under Crown grants. Then
an expedition of nine vessels was made ready, and as soon as the
Spring opened, they sailed from the Port of London. Three of
the sons of Gervase, David, John and James, were in command.
The other captains were English, representing the monied inter-
ests in the venture. They had with them a noted pilot of San
Malo, a man by the name of Michel, an ardent Calvinist, who
had suffered persecution for the faith. The Kertk brothers had
all seen service in private companies as well as in the Eoyal
fleet, where they had risen to the posts of Captains.

The personnel of the sailors comprising the crews is interest-
ing. They were mainly French and Basques, who on account of

LORD BALTIMORE AND SIR DAVID KIRKE. 109

religious and other persecution had been driven away from their
home ports. The vrhole equipment voiced two compelling pas-
sions in the life of man — ^gain and revenge.

As they neared the shores of the ITew World, they captured
a Prench convoy laden with provisions and munitions of war,
and destined for the relief of Quebec and Port EoyaL Among
the booty were 135 pieces of heavy ordnance. These were sent
back to London to be sold. The loss of the provisions was of
greater importance to the French Colonists of Canada than the
war material, as their stocks were depleted, and new supplies
could not reach them for another year. In addition a consid-
erable number of French and Basque fishing barques were
taken. Had the Kertks energetically followed up their first
advantage, they could have reduced the entire French colonies
in a short season, as it was now devoid of any proper facilities
for defense.

Flushed with their victories the fleet separated, a part pro-
ceeding to Cape Breton, St. John's and Port Eoyal, which they
speedily captured. The other partj under James, John and the
San Malo pilot, sailed to the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, reduced
St. Anne, and then proceeded to Tadusac, at that date the most
important trading station in this region, where they remained
engaged in consolidating the fur trade.

They sent a vessel to Quebec to demand the surrender of the
fort from Champlain, but the brig after arriving there was
driven back by adverse weather, and obliged to return.

Leaving their conquests in the best state of defense possible
for their return in the Spring, they set out for London to reap
the reward of the venture. During the winter the vessels were
refitted and with a considerably OTgmented fleet, as well as land
forces to permanently hold the conquered territory, they sailed
as soon as weather conditions permitted. The voyage seems to
have been a prosperous one, and every vessel arrived safely at
the rendezvous in the St. Lawrence Gulf. Sir William Alexan-
der came with the fleet, also the fourth son of Gervase Kertk,.
Lewis, destined to be governor of the affairs of Canada. On

110

MAKYLAlfD HISTOEIOAIi MAGAZIim.

arriving in the St. Lawrence, a part of the fleet proceeded to the
Acadian ports, and another part sailed to the trading post of
Tadusac at the mouth of the Saguenay river.

The French had not been idle. Charles la Tour, then Gov-
ernor of Acadia^ had found means to send his father, Claude,
back to France, to arouse the Company of an Hundred Asso-
ciates, with Eichelieu at its head, to action against the invading
English. Four vessels under the command of de Kochmond,
the Admiral of the Company, were despatched in the Spring of
1628, and arrived at Gaspe Koad after the Kertks had left there.
Learning that the English flotilla was in the neighborhood, they
sailed forth to meet them. Their coming was heralded to the
English by a despatch boat which de Rochemond had sent to
Champlain. This was taken in the St. Lawrence, and David
Kertk's flotilla sallied out to encounter this fleet. The action
was short and decisive: all the vessels of the French being
quickly disabled in their rigging and compelled to strike their
colors. Their commander, with la Tour, the passengers and
portions of the crews were sent as prisoners of war to England.
The Kertks were knighted for bravery in this victory, and after-
wards assumed the anglicized cognomen of Kirke.

David Kirke remained at Tadusac promoting trade, while
his brothers continued up the river to Point Levi opposite
Quebec. From there they sent an officer, under a flag of truce,
to demand the surrender of the citadel and garrison. Cham-
plain was in desperate straits, — it is recorded that only a
single barrel of sour roots remained in the fort as provision, and
his munitions were equally low — and was only too pleased to
welcome the enemy. Most generous terms were offered by the
English commander, and Champlain was entertained at Tadu-
sac by David Kirke until a ship was made ready to convey him
and his retinue, comprising " friars, Jesuits, two natives, bag-
gage and weapons to England. Quebee fell in the month of
July, 1628.

Lewis Kirke was made Governor of Upper Canada, and Sir
"William Alexander, Governor of Lower Canada including the

LOEB BALTIMOEE AND SIE DAVID KIEKE. Ill

Cape Breton and Nova Scotian provinces. Alexander, "William
Barkeley and Eobert Charlton were made by the Crown, " Com-
missioners of the River and Gulf of Canada."

The purpose of the London Company was the permanent set-
tlement and development of the resources of Canada and Nova
Scotia. These projects were entirely upset by the peace of St.
Germaine-en-Laye in 1632, which deprived it of all the advan-
tages it had gained. Some £60,000 had been spent in the under-
taking, a vast amount for those days. What the returns were
during the time of the occupation of the provinces is unknown,
but must have been considerable. The Company, through its
agents, peaceably yielded up and restored all their land posses-
sions to the French including the forts they had erected ox
restored. It, however, brought a number of petitions to the
Crown, and to the Lords of Plantations and Trade for relief,
but with negligible result. Neither did the Trench fulfil their
obligations to the Company. Certain privileges and a money
return was to be made to it, but neither was done.

The London Company appears to have dissolved, but the
Kirkes continued to voyage and trade in the St. Lawrence and
more northern regions, under a new patent granted by Charles
I. This brought them again into conflict with the French, and
they sustained considerable losses by the capture of their ships.
David now came to England, becoming a member of the King's
Privy Council, while the other brothers settled in Newfound-
land.

This Island was the earliest of the English Crown grants.
Discovered by Cabot, it remained uninhabited, except by sav-
ages, until 1578, when Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Sir George Peck-
ham and Sir Thomas Gerard obtained a concession of the Island
from Queen Elizabeth. Long before that date French, Basque
and English fishermen had frequented its Banks, and dried
their catches on the shores of Placentia Bay. Sir Humphrey
Gilbert obtained the grant for the purpose of providing a place
of refuge for the distressed " Papists " of England, and settling
a colony there. Unfortunately^ he was lost at sea shortly there-

112

MAEYI*AKT> HISTOEICAIi MAGAZINE,

after while on a voyage of discovery to the ITorumbega Coast.
Then the project fell into abeyance, and the grant was aband-
oned, until revived about 1600 by Sir Francis Bacon. He
obtained from King James a new charter, which likewise was
vacated. In 1620, George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore,
patented a part of the Island under the name of the Plantation
of Aviland, or Avalon. He built himself a fort, erected a man-
sion house, brought over several hundred colonists, and for a
time lived in feudal state. Eventually tiring of the long winters
and the frightful lonesomeness of the region, he abandoned the
colonists to their own devices, and placing his own affairs in the
hands of an agent, one William Gyll, he left for fairer scenes
at home,

A year after the termination of the French War, Sir David
Kirke was sent over in the capacity of Governor of Newfound-
land, with especial instruction to prevent the Frenchmen from
fishing in the nearby waters and drying their fish on the island's
shores. This was a right they had exercised for three-quarters
of a century.

After Baltimore's abandonment of Aviland, the inhabitants
began trading with the foreign fishermen, and many taverns
arose for their entertainment, as well as debauchment, we fear,
as reports came back to England from time to time of the wild
doings on the Plantation, and of the debasement of the fisher-
men as well as " enlargement of the inhabitants." Kirke does
not seem to have made an exemplary governor, as these com-
plaints continued and became even more frequent than before.
Ifevertheless he stuck to his post, and even prospered there, for
in 1637, four years later, we find him associated with " James,
Marquis of Hamilton, Philip, Earl of Pembroke, and Henry,
Earl of Holland " in obtaining a patent from King Charles I,
for the entire Island. The petition recites, in part, "that
George, Lord Baltemore, having left the Plantation in no sort
provided for, Cecil, his heir, having also deserted it as have done
several others who had grants of parcels of land, leaving divers
of poor inhabitants without government, this grant was made at
the humble petition of lie above."

liOED BALTIMOEE AIO) SIE DAVID KIBKE.

113

In 1638; Sir David Kirke went over in a ship commanded
by Captain John Vassal to Aviland, and on arriving there,
demanded possession of Lord Baltimore's house of the agent,
GylL This was refused, but as Gyll had no means of resisting
him, he eventually surrendered the mansion to Kirke, who
afterwards resided there.

" Cecil, his heir " did not propose to submit tamely to this
usurpation of his rights in the plantation. Quite probably he
attached little value to it until someone else was in possession,
then it immediately became of importance.

Sir David Kirke remained a resident of Aviland and gov-
ernor of the Island for a number of years after he had dispos-
sessed Calv^t of his mansion house, during which time several
petitions were addressed to the King and Protector^ which met
with little response on their part. In fact, in Baltemore's later
prayers to King Charles II. bitter complaint is made of his
father's lack of response to his petition, and he speaks of Crom-
well as the " late pretended Protector." In 1665, Kirke made
over a part of his rights in the Island to John Claypole (son-in-
law to Oliver Cromwell), Col. Rich and Col. GofiEe and others,
and Sir Lewis Kirke is endeavoring to get a confirmation of,
that patent/^ This quotation is made from a prayer in the year
1661, after the monarchy had been restored.

The reference to Sir Lewis Kirke arises from the circum-
stance that several years before the last given date. Sir David
Kirke returning to England, in order to provide for affairs in
Newfoundland, was attached by the Lord Baltemore, and thrown
into prison on the charge of having confiscated his Aviland
estate. English prisons of that date did not offer models of san-
itary conditions, and Sir David shortly died without satisfy-
ing the claims of the Lord Baltemore.'^

In a later petition Calvert addresses the King for relief, and
in the prayers naively rejoices that he has brought a worthy and
valiant man to an untimely end^, and again deplores in a prayer
to the Lords of Trade and Plantations that his imprisonment
and death did not suffice to fulfil his claim upon him."

114 MAUYJjANTy HISTOBICAL MAGAZIKE.

After taking the depositions of a number of the inhabitants
of the plantation^ as well as bringing to bear all the influences
possible. Lord Baltcmore prevailed — a generation had arisen
that knew not the Kirkes and their valiant deeds of thirty years
before — and the Plantation was restored to him. In 1663, the
King issued a mandate to " all commanders, captains, and all
subjects in Newfoundland, to Sir Lewis Kirke, John Kirke, and
the heirs of Sir David Kirke to deliver all houses and lands in
Aviland to Cecil, Lord Baltemore " ; an order that finally ended
the controversy. Nevertheless, the Kirkes continued to reside
in JSTewf oundland ; Lewis and John died there and were suc-
ceeded by the sons of Sir David, George, Philip and David, who
in 1680, in the report of a Commission to arrange for the settle-
ment of sundry abuses of the fisheries and other matters, were
described as " able men of estate," capable advisers as to difficult
points about the fisheries and the destruction of the forests.

Cecil Calvert does not seem to have profited largely by the
return of Aviland to his rule. The State Papers afford little
information on this point. It is possible that the new Colony of
Maryland absorbed so much of his interest that Newfoundland
was neglected and abandoned to other hands than his. Of mate-
rial profit there was none in the northern realm, but in the South
there promised to be a better return.^

* Assembled from the English Colonial Records, with additions from the
Calvert Papers in the Libiary of the Maryland Historical Society.

trNPUBI^ISHED JMANUSCEIPTS FSOM PULHAM PAI.ACE. 115

SOME UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS FKOM FULHAM
PALACE RELATING TO PROVINCIAL MARYLAND,

By Bernakd C. Steinee.

Bishop William S. Perry of Iowa publislied, in 1878, a large
volume entitled "Historical Collections of the American
Colonial Churcli — ^Maryland and Delaware," containing in great
part documents found among the manuscripts at Fulham Palace
in London, being a part of the archives of the Bishopric of
London, to which see, as is well known, the American Colonies
were attached. The Library of Congress has recently received
copies of all the papers in that collection which deal with Mary-
land and an examination of these transcripts discloses the fact
that Bishop Perry's copyist was in many cases inexact and that,
in printing the manuscripts, he left unpublished many of con-
siderable interest. From these latter we make the following
notes :

I. — Gov. Francis Nicholson wrote (317-152)* on March 18,
1695-6 of the aifairs of Virginia and Pennsylvania, which lat-
ter colony he visited " last fall." Shortly afterwards, on May
18, 1696 (317-145) a memorial was sent, signed by the follow-
ing clergymen: Peregrine Cony, John Lillingston, Richard
Sewell, Stephen Bordley, Benjamin Nobbs, George Tubman,
Hugh Jones and Thomas Oockshutt, urging that clergymen of
the Church of England be sent to Maryland. They stated that,
when Governor Nicholson came into the Province in 1694, he
found there three Anglican clergymen and five or six Popish
Priests, " who perverted idle people." There were also a " sort
of wandering pretenders to preaching that came from New Eng-
land and other places, who deluded not only the protestant dis-
senters from our Church, but many of the churchmen themselves

*The numerals refer to the niunber of the manuscripts in the collection
of the Library of Congresg,

116

MABYLAIffD HISTOEIOAL MAGAZINE,

by their extemporary prayers and preachments, for which they
were admired by the people and got money of them." The three
Anglican clergymen had married in the Province and ^^main-
tained their families out of plantations they had had with their
wives." The "better and more responsible persons of the
neighborhood plantations " that were Anglicans subscribed their
names to small contributions, but the clergy could not get more
than one-half or one-quarter of what was subscribed. Nicholson
continued these three clergymen and with all possible care and
expedition, erected churches in most parishes, proportionable
to the tobaccoes that were in arrears since the act passed
under Gov. Copley, and " placed us in the best vacancys, most
convenient for the general serving of the country," " Some of
us are forced to give 2,000 lbs. to the Clarks, by reason of their
going so far to do their duties on the Lords Day." The " Public
tobacco" is generally slighted by the merchants, and is not
reckoned above the one-quarter part of that which the planters
cure for their own freight, for they cull the best of their crop
" for themselves & keep the refuse and discolored tobacco to pay
the sheriffs." " Merchants are not for meddling with public
tobacco also, because it is very troublesome to get it paid in any
reasonable time.'^ They have to go from " place to place to
demand it of those planters " to whom the sheriffs send them.

The extent of the parishes is very large, some are over 20
and others 30 miles in length. " The inhabitants in this country
having (many of them) vast tracts of land, live at least a mile
asunder from their next neighbors. This large extent of
parishes obligeth us to keep one or sometimes two horses to ride
on. The charges of our board and keeping our horses takes up
one-quarter of our greatest incomes and the remaining three
parts (considering the rates we pay for English goods in the
stores and that the merchants will allow us in goods at prime
cost very rarely a penny and sometimes an half -penny or farth-
ing a pound for our tobacco in bartering with them) will hardly
"* find us with cloths and other necessaries. If we should have any
overplus, when our necessitys and conveniences are served, its
hazardous for us to freight it, lest it should prove a drug in the

UKPUBLISHBD MANVSCnXPTB FBOM FtTLHAM PALACE. 117

English and Holland market and by paying from 10 to 16
pounds sterling per Tnnn for freight beeides the King's Custom
etc., it should bring us into debt."

" So that should some of us that have wives in England send
for them and go to housekeeping, we could not tell how to main-
tain them, there not yet being provided any minister's house
or glebe, except at St. Mary's, where one Mr. Kobbs lately
arrived and having a wife is by his excellency placed.^' Yet
Papists and Quakers, dissatisfied, try to have the 40-pound tax
taken off. Without it there would not be left a tolerable sub-
sistance for a single clergyman and his horse, " and one horse at
least we must all of us, of necessity, keep ready by us, not only
to ride to church on Sundays, but to ride all over parishes at
christenings, weddings, visiting the sick and burials on the
week days." Many would become Papists or Quakers to save
themselves from taxes, if the members of these denominations
were exempted therefrom. If Lord Baltimore should be restored
as Proprietary, " the insolence of the Komish Priests (who are
somewhat curbed by his Excellencies great care and vigilence)
would soon be intolerable in these parts." Great numbers of
Irish papists are brought continually among us " and Irish
priests are suspected to come indognito. The "Papists are in-
truding themselves into the company of the sick " and Mcholson
had issued a proclamation against this practice. Dr. Bray's
presence is desired, and an " ecclesiastical ruler " is needed.

Nicholson wrote on June 12, 1696 upon Virginia affairs
(31Y-161). He complained against Andros and his conduct
in reference to the just rents and regretted that the acts con-
cerning religion and schools had been " repealed." The Papists
and Dissenters are " pretty numerous " and Nicholson " will
not answer for all the Church of England Men." He dare not
communicate to the Assembly the news of the repeal, lest no
other laws be passed. If the passage of new laws upon those
subjects shall be secured;. ^'I must attribute it to a more
immediate influence from Heaven than any politicks I can use
with them." (See 317-150 probably wrongly dated June 20,
1700, when Mcholson was no longer Governor. In this letter.

118

MAEYXAND HISTOBICAL HAGAZIKE.

he refers to the receipt of the veto and writes that the Council
will meet in the next week and will endeavor to reconcile mat-
ters.)

On July 4, 1696, John Povey wrote Mcholson from Eng-
land in hope for speedy good news from him; but^ ten days
later, Nicholson had to report to the Bishop (317-146) that he
found it impossible to secure the passage of any statute about
religion, without some clause about liberty and property,
which, your Grace, very well knows. Englishmen are fond of."

Sir Thomas Lawrence had written Nicholson that the reason
" for repealing the law was that, if such a clause about Magna
Charta was granted, it nearly touched His Majesty^s preroga-
tive." Nicholson replied that this statement was incorrect;
" They dread nothing here more than being forced to go to West-
minster Hall/' and come under the domination of Parliament.

I durst not venture to let them know that His Majesty had
repealed the law about religion, for fear they should not have
consented to make another." Nicholson asked that orders be
sent out as to what sort of law may pass. A " Clause about
Magna Charta was in a law made before my time and so I find
it very difficult to get it quite left out at once." He especially
hoped the sdiool act would be allowed and enclosed new laws
about religion and schools. He wrote more freely to the Bishop
than to the Lords of the Committee or of Plantations, since the
establishment of religion was in great danger.

In 1696, a very interesting and important religious census
of the Province was sent to the Bishop of London showing the
relative populousness of the several parishes (317-127).

Parishes. Tithables. Tobacco.

Countys.
St. Mary's

Calvert

Prince George

William & Mary
King & Queen
Christ's Church
All Saints
All Faitha
St Pafils
Piscattoi^flf

532 21280

473 18920

537 21480

507 20280

278 11120

600 20000

Incumbents.

Benjn. Nobbs.
Chris. Platts
Hugh Jones
Tho. Cockshutt

Moiisiour Morien

UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS FKOM FULHAM PALACE. US

County s.

Parishes, Tithables.

Tobacco.

Incumbents.

Charles

William & Mary
Port Tobacco

258

10320

Nanzemy

175

19000

George Tubman

Arundell

Herring Creek

607

Henry Mall

South River

460

18400

Tho. Clayton
Port Annapolis is

Middle Neck

374

14960

in Middle Neck,
Per^ine Cony

Broad Neck

223

8920 1

Patapsco

218

Edw'd Topp, Jr.

St. John's

128

St. George's

137

5480

Coecill

South Sassafras

350

14000 \

North Sa^fras

321

12840 1

Rich'd. Sewell

Kent Island

146

5840

St. Paul

338 (?)

13520

Stephen Bordley

Talbot

St. Paul's

606

24240

John Lfillingston

St. Peter's

453

18120

St. Michael's

485

19400

Leach

Dorchester

Choptanck
Dorchester

407
221

16280 1
8840 J

Tho. Howell

Somersett

SoEQersett

304

12160

Geo. Trotter

Coventry

369

14760

Stepney

362

14480

George Trotter
ut supra.

Snowhill

356

14240

James Brechin

Fifty shillings sterg p. Thousand for Publick Tobacco is
a pretty usual price in Bills of Exchange.

Nicholson wrote on February 13, 1696-7 (317-143) that,
from the hands of Sir Thomas Lawrence, he had received the
Bishop's letter of January 3, 1695-6. He had been kicked
upstairs ^' from the position of lieutenant governor of Virginia
to that of Governor of Maryland, " where I have found to my
sorrow, great trouble and charge." He now enclosed the acts
for the establishment of religion and of schools in Maryland.
Blathwayt and Povey, in England, were hostile to him and,

knowing why they oppose the laws," he ^^got the Assembly
to promise them something." We have contracted for the
building of a church at the Port of Annapolis, the seat of the
government, for the building and finishing which the under-
takers are to have £1000 sterling and, for building a Free School

120

MAEYI.A]SrD HISTOEICAL MAGAZHSTE.

at the same place^ £500 sterling," tlie £200 (which Andros re-
funded) being part of it. Nicholson hoped that, by the next
fleetj His Majesty's furniture for the church will be sent."
The college in Virginia is referred to and Nicholson stated that
he would give up his pretentions to succeed Andros in Virginia,
and would even quit Maryland, rather than hurt it. He had
sent an account of the taxables and the glebes. Lord Baltimore,
when Nicholson was in England, had promised him to give a
glebe for each parish and renewed this promise to Lawrence,
when Nicholson asked Lawrence to remind him of it. Each
glebe should consist of 300, 400, or 500 acres. If the King
should confirm Baltimore's claims to the waifs, etc., the latter
should be made to give these glebes, which should be taken from
escheated or surplusage lands, when possible, to prevent tteir
being laid out too distant from the settlements.

On February 15, 1696-7 (317-159) Nicholson wrote that he
had received from the Archbishop of Canterbury the following
books: "The Parson's Counsellor,^' "An Abridgment of the
Ecclesiastical Laws,'' three small books named " A Guide for
Constables," six small books named " A Familiar Guild," " The
Poor Man^s Guide," "Ten Brief Expositions of tte Church
Catechism," " The Poor Man's Help," and " The Catechism of
the Church."

Sir Thamas Lawrence vn-ote, on February 20, 1696-7 (317-79,
192), that he had arrived in Maryland in August, after a
prosperous voyage/' though one with many delays. He gave
the Bishop's letters to the Governor. I find him employed
in erecting a State House for the administration of justice, a
fine brick building, in which are comprehended convenient
apartments for all the offices of business in this country.- This
is almost finisht. We are now going on with as fine a church,
which will cost a £1000^ His Excellency giving an £100 towards
it, and a school at the same time, £500, of which £200 sterling
and £300 is paid back by Sir Edmund Andros upon your
Grace's award as a part." Lawrence criticises Andros and hopes
that a church building in each of the 30 parishes in the Province
will be completed during the coming summer and be ready to

UNPUBLISHED MANUSCBIPTS IFEOM FULHAM PAXACE. 121

receive Dr. Bray, when he shall come. The Assembly has been
in an " ill humor/' because of the reversal of the laws in Eng-
land^ and^ if ITicholson " had not with address got them speedily
re-enacted, the churches would not have been built and the main-
tenance of the ministry " woud have failed. " With equal Cour-
age," Mcholson threw out Captain Coode, who "having first
gotten a deputation from Dr. Payn to invade and go halves with
him, in the Commissary's office, and after entered into the
house of Burgesses, on purpose, by his atheism and debauched
designs, to have corrupted them, to the overthrow of all public
spirited undertakings." Had Coode succeeded, the "now pros-
perous affairs of this Province had been in an ill condition."

On February 23, 1696-7, Mcholson wrote (317-138) upon
affairs in Pennsylvania, a subject to which he returned, in a
letter dated April 30, 1697 (317-141). In the latter epistle,
he thanks the Bishop for books sent, attacks Andros, expresses
his hope for Bray^s arrival, and asks that Bray be made a doctor
of divinity, put into the Council and made Commissary for
Pennsylvania, isTew York, and JSTew England, and also that,
before he sails he may " preach before His Majesty and dedi-
cate " his sermon to the King. " Our Assembly were in so very
bad a humor that I could not get them to address His Majesty
that the half of the quarter part of the shilling per hogshead
should be appropriated for the buying of religious books."

About this time, Gerard Slye (317-134) wrote that Mchol-
son was "furiously zealous for the building of schools and col-
leges and with such a vast charge that the country is not able to
bear it. He is as mad against them that first appeared there for
King William " and were in principal " command," calls them
" Rebels," and " threatens to try them with a file of musketeers
and hang them with Magna Ohartas about their necks." The
grand jury of St. Mary's County presented Slye, because he said
on April 30, at Patuxent, that ISTicholson is at Jamestown and
" every one knows his lies and he cannot deceive them, and
again Slye said on May 30, 1697 (317-164) that Nicholson
stopped letters that came in the ships and consealed them for
some time and broke them open, and afterwards sent them

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MARYLAND HISTOBICAL MAGAZINE.

away/' On a third occasion, upon May 4, Slye said I expected
old Eattlehead (meaning Nicliolson) there (at Hampton), if
he had met John Perry. I taxed Perry with the message Old
Rattlehead sent by him to Mr. Crop relating to me. The old
Dog (Perry) denied every thing, but I find him a fit instrument
for mischief." Again on June 26, Slye said that " Nicholson
is a man of the worst of characters, though he does what he can
to purchase a better, but that won't do among our men of
thought next the hehn," meaning the Privy Council and the
Lords of the Committee of Trade and Plantations.

A dateless document written by Slye, humbly apologizing for
his conduct towards Nicholson (317-160) doubtless refers to
this controversy.

Nicholson wrote the Bishop of London on June 30, 1697
(317-167), that three clergymen came in the middle of May
and are already disposed of. He hoped that Bray would arrive
with ten more by the next fleet and that with them would arrive
His Majesty's furniture and plate for the Annapohs Church.
" Except the Church of England be encouraged here, especially
by His Majesty and Your Grace, it will fall." Nearly a year
later, on May 26, 1698, Nicholson expressed the hope that the
bills for establishment of religion and schools were now ap-
proved. He thanked the Bishop for extracts from priests' in-
tercepted letters and hoped to "countermine their wicked de-
signs/' A proclamation cmicerning them was enclosed. Sir
Thomas Lawrence had " been extreme ill all this last winter of
a distemper, which several times brought him nigh to death
and in all human probability he could not live another winter,
if he stayed hore." On his arrival in England, Sir Thomas will
give full information concerning Maryland and Pennsylvania.
Nicholson had " in all respects found him a very pious and zeal-
ous son of the ChurA of England, a constant assertor of mon-
archy (which I think is a natural consequence of the former)
and wholly devoted to His Majesty's interests."

The Grand Jury presented Philip Clark of St. Mary's Coun-
ty for defaming Nicholson at St. Mary's City, on March 20,

UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS I'EOM TULHAM PALACE. 123

1697-8, saying (317-174) : " I hear who are chosen Burgesses.
The Jacobite Burgesses, who are the Governor's friends are now
out and I will warrant I will manage them all well enough.
He is no better than a Jacobite." At another time, he said:
The Governor's drift is to have the Eoman Catholics so sub-
ject to him that they should either concur with him in choosing
such members for the House, as he pitched on, or if they did
not, it should be in his power to proceed with rigor against
them. So out of fear and self preservation, they must comply
with him."

Later in the year, on September 2, 1698, the Grand Jury
(317-173) presented to the Provincial Court our old acquaint-
ance, John Coode, Sr., of St. Mary's County for "much dis-
turbances and commotions raised." If Gov. Audros of Vir-
ginia had "taken care to have him apprehended and given to
justice in this Province this would not have happened." The
Judges of the Provincial Court endorsed this statement and
added that Coode, with his party, " brags of their security in
the Oolony of Virginia."

The Fulham Manuscripts also contain copies of the following
official papers dating from the period of Gov. N'idiolson^s ad-
ministration :

1. — letter signed by Henry Jowles, on part of the Council,
and Kenelm Cheseldyn, on part of the House of Burgesses,
dated October 19, 1694, (317-170) asking the patronage of the
Archbishop of Canterbury for the Free Schools, thanking him
for what he had already done and telling him of new methods
devised of raising money for that purpose.

2. — The Order in Council of March 1695-6 (317-166) re-
pealing the Maryland laws.

3. — ^A letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury dated July 10,
1695 (317-137) signed by Sir Thomas Lawrence, on part of
the Council, and Kenelm Cheseldyn, on part of the House of
Burgesses.

4. — ^An Order in Council concerning waifs dated February
18, 1696-7 (317-62).

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MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

5. — letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury signed hj Law-
rence and Cheseldjn for the Assembly, dated June 10, 1697,
expressing the hope that the new laws might pass (317-200) and

6, — A letter signed by William Bladen, Clerk of the House
of Burgesses, dated March 29, 1698 (317-67), referring to the
Archbishop of Canterbury's letter of April 11, 1697 and ask-
ing his help in promoting the Free School.

II. — ^Eev. Thomas Bray wrote the Bishop in 1700 (317-
129) that he arrived in the Province on March 18. On his
way to Annapolis he met with the news brought by a Quaker
in the same ship myself that the 40 pounds per poll is taken off
by order of Council." This news surprised Bray^ especially be-
cause the veto was given " at the solicitation of and in favor of
the Quakers, backed by and in a close confederation with the
papists, as every one here plainly sees.'' Mr. Hastreel, their
court solicitor, told Bray in London " that they are the most con-
siderable part of the Province both for riches and numbers"
and that the tax makes these numerous and trading people leave
the Province. Bray denied the truth of this statement and
hoped soon to send a census of Maryland and show that " Quak-
ers and Papists joined together will not make one-tenth part
towards the balance, in number or riches." The Quakers de-
cline in Maryland and in Pennsylvania. The " Keithians "
ask Bray for a visit, which he hopes to give them in Philadel-
phia.

Gov, Nicholson was sensible " of the need of an establish-
ment " and out of a hearty zeal for the preservation of the
Church leaves no stone unturned to have the same law for re-
ligion, without the exceptionable clause, re-enacted by the next
Assembly which sitts the 26th instant. He has given me the
inclosed list of members, to make the best uses thereof I can in
the meantime [This list is not found, — ^Ed.] and does himself
endeavor to influence the leading members, as he can meet with
them. He was pleased to offer, if it would be of service, to pro-
rogue the Assembly to a longer day.'' Bray did not agree to this
plan, since the Quakers " who are the best at tampering, will

UlsrPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS WROIA FULHAM PALACE, 125

have a longer time; as well as ourselves." He feared delay es-
pecially, since " Pen (sic) is to be in the WUtsiinweek at their
Grand yearly Meeting in this Province, where all the most con-
siderable planters of all other persuasions come also, as to an
Exchange, it is thought desirable ( ?) that the Assembly meet
at the day appointed. But his Excellency does resolve, if the
bill miscarrys, to dissolve this and call another Assembly."
" So that nothing, I am satisfied, will be omitted on his part
to preserve the church under this fierce attack, which noble zeal
for our preservation in such an extremity, as it shall not fail
here of just acknowledgements, so I know it will engage your
Grace to protect his excellency from receiving any prejudice
thereby at home."

On May 29, 1700, Eev. Mr. Oolbatch wrote (317-148) that
Dr. Bray's exemplary zeal was instrumental in the passage of
the new law for an establishment and that the visitation of the
clergy held by him put them " into an excellent method for the
due and right discharge of their ministerial duties." Bray had
been sent back to England to secure more clergy and obtain the
confirmation of the act concerning religion. Gov. Nathanial
Blakiston, on June 12, 1700 sent word (317-132) that Dr.
Bray had gone home with papers concerning the new law, Blak-
iston would settle the Commissary's office upon any one whom
the Bishop may appoint. " Allow my actions to be the standard
of my intentions for the promotion of the Church."

III. — ^At a meeting (317-59) of the Eector, Governors, and
Visitors of the Free Schools, held at the City of Annapolis,
Tuesday, September 6, 1715, there were present, Rev. Joseph
Colebatch, Rector His Excellency the Governor (John Hart),
the Hon. Samuel Young, Esq., the Hon. Philemon Lloyd, Esq.,
Eev. Henry Hall, Eev. Jacob Henderson, William Bladen, Esq.,
and F. Mercier, the clerk of the Board. In view of the " extra-
ordinary want of a good Ussher to assist in the free school of
this City," i. e. Annapolis, Mr. Thomas Bordley, who was going
to England, was invited to be present and was then asked to
" invite and pro^re some discreet and learned person, well

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MARTLAJiTD HISTOBICAI, MAGAZIIiTE.

qualified " to become an usher and to assure him of a salary of
£50 sterling annually, with a promise of the mastership, in case
of a vacancy therein, or of the headship of another free school
to be erected on the Eastern Shore.

IV. — petition against Eev. William Tibbs, rector of St.
Paul's Parish in Baltimore County was filed by the vestry of
that parish (317-153) on February 15, 1714-5, being signed
by John Downe, John Willmott, Jr., Thomas Todd, Jr., Peter
Bond, John Hillen and John Gill (a marksman) . They charged
that the wickedness of the people of the neighborhood came
largely from the bad example of our minister, he being a very
weak man." He was a common drunkard," and when in-
toxicated was guilty of shameful acts, he refused to go to houses
to baptize sick children without pay, he demanded money for
the administration of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper in
private houses, and he " will be drunk " immediately after the
celebration of the Communion. Depositions were appended
which were made on i^^ovember 16, 1714, that, in the preceding
August, Tibbs was sent for to administer the "Communion at
Richard Colegate's house to Mrs. EUinor Herbert, the mother
of Colegate's wife, Mrs. Rebecca Colegate. Mrs. Herbert " lay
very sick." After the service, at which Capt. Charles Merri-
man and his wife were also present, as Tibb® sat nodding in
his chair," Mrs. Merriman heard him demand of Colegate
twenty shillings ; ten for his visit and ten for his medicine."
Mrs. Merriman was " startled " at this demand." Mrs. Cole-
gate confirmed this statement, except that she remembered his
expression as being ten shillings for his means." She added
that Tibbs got so drunk on that occasion that she was forced
to send two servants to take him home, as he could not walk
thither and that, on a later occasion, he was paid eighteai shill-
ings for a second administration of the Lord's Supper.

On Sept 7, 1714, Todd and Willmott in open vestry meet-
ing accused Tibbs of such acts, Todd being especially emphatic
in his denunciations of Tibbs at that time, as was testified by
John Thomas, " Clerk of the Vestry," John Adams, Clerk

UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS FEOM E'ULHAM PALACE. 127

of the Parish/' and tTames Eider, Ohurch warden, a marksman
who appears to have been a friend of Tibbs.

The case was referred to the Kevs. Henry Hall, Thomas
Oockshutt, Joseph Colbatch, and Jacob Henderson, who made
a report censuring Todd for his despising all kinds of authori-
ty and admonishing Tibbs "to change his life and reconcile
himself to his people with all speed," or he sshall receive a
summons to come before the Governor for his defence.

Out of this difficulty, ibetween the Vestry and Tibbs, quite
probably arose the establishment of the Presbyterian Church
at Patapsco on Curtis Creek in 1Y15. In Webster's History of
the Presbyterian Church in America, we are told that the Rev,
Hugh Conn was bom in Ireland about 1685 and graduated at
the University of Glasgow. The trade from the Patapsco to
Great Britain gave rise to a Presbyterian Congregation in Balti-
more County, who applied to London Merchants for a minister.
In response to this call, Mr. Coim came over. In September,
1715, Mr. James Gordon presented a call for him from the
people of Baltimore County. Presbytery approved this call
and he was ordained in October, and installed Pastor of the
congregation of Patapsco by the Eev. James Anderson, of New
Castle, George Gillespie of "White Clay Creek, and Daniel Mc-
Gill of Bladensburg, (three Scotchmen).

• In September, 1719, he was dismissed from his charge on
account of " the paucity of his flock.'' He immediately ac-
cepted a call to the Bladensburg Church, and remained liere,
until his death in 1752.

Through the researches of Mr. Wm. B. Marye and Dr. J.
Hall Pleasants, we learn that the Baltimore County Court pro-
ceedings, Liber I. S. No. B, 1708-1715, fol. 608-609, show that
at the March Court, 1714-15, Thomas Todd . . . "humbly
prays that his house may be licenced for a presbyterian minister
to preach in, which petition the Justice® .... granted, pro-
vided said minister qualifies himself by taking the oaths by act
of assembly." Mr. Todd died in May, and his widow later
married Rev. Mr. Conn, died in 1717 and is buried in the f am-

128

MABYIiAlTD HieTOBIOiLL ICASAZHfS,

ily graveyard beside the Todd house, at ITorth Point. It is
an interesting fact that for about two hundred and fifty years
a Thomas Todd, each a direct descendant from his predecessor,
has owned and lived on the farm. At Mr. Todd's house were
held the first regular Presfeytefian services within the bounds
of the Presbytery of Baltimore.

Again Liber G. M. fol. 55 August Court, 1Y15: "upon the
petition of Hugh Conn, a presbyterian minister, that a house
lately built on the land of John Frizell on the south side of
Patapsco river at the head of Curtis Creek may be recorded for
a Presbyterian Meeting House, ... it is ordered accordingly."

V. — The relation of Gov. John Hart to the Clergy is shown
by several letters. On March 4, 1Y16/1Y, the Bishop writes to
some correspondent of his pleasure at hearing that Hart " so
heartily interests himself in the affairs of the Church " and of
his hope that Henderson's commission will be respected. The
parishioners of North Elk Eiver must not be forgotten, but the
Bishop feared that he could not " secure a well qualified per-
son'' for so small an "encouragement" as £40 per annum.
The funds of the Society were so low that " no augumentation "
could be expected from thence. Gov. Hart wrote the Bishop,
on June 20, 1717 (317-194), that Rev. Mr. Barron had been
offered any vacancy in the Province. He accepted a small par-
ish " near me " and, " when the parishioners did not subscribe
to his better support, I presented him to another of more con-
siderable value, where he remains, much to his satisfaction."
iSev. Mr. Warner behaved hin^elf " with prudence." He had
been admitted as Usher, with a salary of £50 per annum from
the date of the Bishop's letter of Eecommendation. Eev. Mr.
Irvine, within three days of his arrival, supplied Mr. Baily's
former parish. "The latter is a very unhappy person and,
though his behavior is far from being commendable, yet as he
has received holy orders, I cannot see him want bread (which
he had thrown away upon some distaste to his parishioners) so
have again presented him mmthex parish, in hopes he will reform

UNPUBLISHED MASrUSCEIPTS FBOM FULHAM PALACE, 129

and be a new man/' Hart promised to assist the two Com-
missaries.

From Annapolis on ISTov. 3, 1714, Ker, William Keith wrote
(317-171) that Col. Hart was ^Wigilant to supply vacant
cases," of which there were 4 very good ones then in the Prov-
ince.

When Hart departed from Maryland in 1720, nine of the
clergy, on May 19, signed a letter of regret (317-92). The
signers were William Kaconchie of Port Tobacco Parish in
Charles County ; Giles Rainsf ord, of St. Paul's Parish, Prince
George's County; Joseph Colbatch, of all Hallow's Parish,
Anne Arundel County ; Evan Evans, D. D., of St. George's
(Spesutia) Parish, Baltimore County ; Henry Hall of St. James'
Parish, Anne Arundel County; Thomas Cockshutt, of All
Saint's Parish, Calvert County; Jonathan Kay, of Christ
Church Parish, Calvert County;. John Eraser, of Piscataqua
Parish, Prince George's County, and Samuel Skippon, of St.
Anne's Parish, Annapolis.

VI. — The Rev. Jacob Henderson, Commissary of the Bish-
op of London for the Western Shore of Maryland, caused his
proctor, the quarrelsome lawyer, Thomas MacNamara, on Feb.
25, 171'7, to transmit articles (317-131) against Rev. Henry
Hall, who would not show his letters of ordination to Hender-
son. Finally, he handed them to Bernard White, Henderson's
Register and Writer, and, when White did not return them,
Hall demanded them back in a rage, " and went to Gov. Hart
- and sued out a writ for the return of the letters." Because of
Hall's actions. White was barred, for a time, from practice in
the Maryland Chancery Court. In July last, Hall was " much
disguised with liquor, to the great scandal " of hig " function
and evil example to others."

The Bishop responded (317-130), referring Henderson to
Falconer's work concerning the erection of a court. He re-
gretted that Hall and Henderson fell out, but believed that both
of them act uprightly. " If all that is personal be laid aside,

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MAWTLAIID HISTORICAL MAGAZII^E.

your proceedings will tend to the advantage of Church and
Colony." The Bishop did not believe that Gov. Hart did
" anything with a design to affront my authority " and ex-
horted Henderson and Hart " mutually to iorget past heats "
and again become friends.

Henderson wrote (31Y-93) Dr. Francis Astry at Fulham Pal-
ace on June 17, 1718, that a third of the Provincial Assembly
was composed of dissenters and the other two-thirds were " very
low " and opposed Gov. Hart " much " under Queen Anne, but
that they are now his creatures and the party, at present,
that he caresses and is supported by," so that no law can pass
to support the jurisdiction of the Church Courts. The letter
was conveyed to Dr. Astry by Edward Calvert, Lord Balti-
more's younger brother, who was destined to return to the Prov-
ince ten years later and to die there.

On Sept. 5, 1718, Henderson wrote (317-120) asking per-
mission to come to England for a visit. Henderson's charge
to the Clergy (317-74) on June 28, 1720, urges that the cate-
chism be better taught, the Lord's Supper be more often admin-
istered, and the observance of holydays and days of fasting b^
more constant.

An unnamed young man going from Maryland to school at
Beverly in Yorkshire is recommended for confirmation by Hen-
derson on Aug. 19, 1724 (317-69). On Sept. 20, 1725, Lord
Baltimore wrote (317-181) that Henderson had presented to
him a letter from the Bishop and that instructions shall be sent
at once to Gov. Calvert, in accordance with the Bishop's desires.
The Proprietary was pleased to know that Calvert's adminis-
tration of the Province had met with favor from the Bishop.

An anonymous letter, dated Oct. 25, 1725, complains against
Henderson's acts as Commissary (317-182). Some years later,
on April 25, 1735 (317-75) Henderson wrote that Eev. Eichard
Chase, who occasioned coldness between the Bishop and Lord
Baltimore, was ordained by Benjamin Hoadley, Bishop of
Salisbury, and is a person of much levity, no learning, and
supposed to be a free thinker, or deist. He gives himself great

UNPUBLISHED iVIANUSCEIPTS B'EOM FULHAM PALACE. 131

liberties in ridiculing religion and that set of people highly
caress and admire him.'^ Upon his arrival he was " full of
invectives against the Bishop, until Henderson told him such
conduct was " unbecoming " and the Governor discouraged him.
Then he kept silence. Baltimore gave him one of the best
parishes/^ (t. e.^ All Hallows, Anne Arundel), to the great
grief of most of his parishioners/^ Since this appointment,
there have arrived in Maryland the Rev. ITathaniel Morell
(William and Mary Parish, Charles County), the most abso-
lute sot in nature'' and Rev. John Vaughan (Westminster
Parish, Anne Arundel County), "who has indeed, the appear-
ance of a prudent gentleman." Both clergymen came from
Lord Baltimore without the Bishop's license.

VII. — The Rev. Christopher Wilkinson, Commissary for
the Eastern Shore, wrote on July 29, 1719 (317-191) that his
parishioners of St. Paul's, Queen Anne's County, were building
a brick church, the best one in the Province. He asks a gift
of plate for the Altar, and hopes to receive ornaments for the
pulpit and Altar table by the hands of some merchants trad-
ing from Liverpool in our ports. We want a Bible and Com-
mon Prayer Book, also." A motion for dividing of parishes
is up " in the General Assembly, but such a division ought not
be made without the Bishop's knowledge. A parish might be
taken from Messrs. jfTicoUs, Mainadier's, and Wilkinson's and
a church built in it, so conveniently seated that every parish-
ioner in the innermost parts of the several parishes might go
every Lord's Day to the Church, whereas now, as they are, not
above once in three weeks, or in a fortnight, and that they may
do this, I am obliged every third Lord's Day to preach at two
churches 7 miles distant and one of these 17 miles from my
home which I cannot continue." More clergymen are needed.
On Aug. 16, 1723 Wilkinson (317-135) wrote to ask whether
an incestuous marriage should be decreed a nullity, or whether
he should merely decree a separation of the parties. He wrote,
on Oct. 18, 1728 (317-189), that a Bishop was needed in
Maryland, as well as Deacons to catechise the children and

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KARYLAJNTD HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

negroes and attend worship every Lord's Day. He offered to
give his Deacon half his maintenance and thinks such an ar-
rangement would be more satisfactory than to divide parishes,
which would discourage ministers from coming out to Mary-
land. The Assembly now sitting have brought in several such
bills. It these are passed, the clergy cannot make allowance
for d^cons,

VIII. — The Eev. Giles Eainsford received from Gov.
Charles Calvert, on April 19, 1723 (317-197) a letter to the

effect that he was bound for England in the search for. restora-
tion in health. His brethren would supply his parish until his
return. " He has behaved himself so well as to be very much
beloved by his parishioners." Gov. Calvert appends a request
for 2 or 3 more clergymen and states that he has inducted Rev.
Mr. Ramsey into a vacant parish. Eainsford, probably, did not
sail that year; for, on April 10, 1724 (317-97), he wrote that
he suffered form pain in his head, his old distemper, and wished
to return to England. He may be addressed then at the Vir-
ginia Coffee House in Michael's Lane in Cornhill, London.

In a rather obscure note from Philip Lee to Rainaford, writ-
ten on July 22, 1725 (317-118) he asked for Lisby's "Case
Stated " and remarked that Rev. Mr. Henderson " deceived me
about the loan of this book."

When Mr. Rainsford left the Province, he sold his property
to the Rev. John Eversfield and a detailed inventory of effects
(317-54) is among the Eulham manuscripts. As to* Mr. Evers-
field himself, we find a letter written by Mathew Cilbome to
Madame Lane, stating that Eversfield was employed for a year
to " write at my seat in the Six Clerk's Office " (a legal bureau)
and was a good clerk, until he received a blow " on the right
elbow from Mr. Thomas Lane, deceased, as I have been credi-
bly informed, whence he lost his right arm." He was an or-
phan and was commended to Mrs. Lane's beneficence by Cil-
borne and by 25 other clerks in the Office (317-76).

IX. — The Rev. Joseph Colbatch was diligent in his services
to both white and black parishioners, as is shown by a detailed

UNPUBLISHED MAKUSCEIPTS FSOM PULHAM PALACE. 133

list (317-63) of negroes and mnlattoes baptized, married, and
buried by him in All Hallows Parish from 1722-29.

X. — ^Eev. Peter Tustian went to England for six months in
1726 and on July 5 of that year, the vestry of his parish, St.
James, in Anne Arundel County (317-57), viz., William Lock,
Josias Towgood, Samuel Chew, Jr., Thomas Wells, John El-
liott Browne, and John Giles, sent a letter, stating that they
hoped for their minister's return and that the neighboring
clergy by subscription had agreed to supply the place, any other
or better prorision being impracticable. They expressed a de-
sire that more clergy come to the Province. On Sept. 29,
1726, Rev. William Treadwell Bull wrote the Bishop concern-
ing Mr. Tustian, who had arrived in England. He was bom
in Warwickshire, near Northamptonshire, and was a Bachelor
of Arts of Christ Church College, Oxford. In 1719, together
with Bull, he went as a missionary to Carolina and resided
there for twelve months " with v^y good repute," but the gov-
ernment being in " confusion," he applied to the Bishop in 1721
for leave to remove from the Colony and come into Maryland.
He was a gentleman of sobriety and good learning.

On July 26, 1735, the Eev. John Urquhart wrote (317-58)
Dr. John Hay, vicar of Coleman Church, Bell Alley, London,
who forwarded the letter to the Bishop. Urquhart had suffered
from fever and ague for 16 months. He was acting as at-
torney in fact" for Tustian. Lord Baltimore who was then
in the Province, ordered the Governor to induct Rev. John
Lang, if Tustian did not return before ITovember, but this
induction was not made until May, whereupon Urquhart was
inducted to William and Mary Parish for half a year and then
went to All Faith's, " the largest parish in the Province." Of
the parishioners, a third part were papists, who give him
" much uneasiness." He suspects that they " set his glebe on
fire in the night, and would have burnt all upon it had it not
been timously prevented. The Jesuites are continually at work,
perverting the people and indeed daily gaining ground." His
predecessor, Mr. Holt, had told tlm Bighop of this fact. " It

134

MABYJLAJSTD HISTOBICAI. MAGAZINE.

is no secret that the papists have more say with those that have
the chief powers here than Protestants, which is very strange."
There had been no visitation of the clergy since Urquhart's
arrival in the Province.

XI. — The Rev. Greorge Mnrdock wrote from Virginia on
June 28, 1725, that the clergy were better provided for in
Maryland and asked that he might go thither, with his family
of four children. Many clergymen removed from one Prov-
ince to another without a license, since all colonies were in the
same Diocese, but he preferred to " deal regularly." The re-
sponse must have been favorable and Mr. Murdock writes from
Prince George's Parish (317-188) on June 17, 1730, He was
the first minister in this new parish, which was 60 miles in
length by 20 in breadth. There were 5 places of worship, one
was a church and the others were private houses. The people
in the upper parts of the Parish " are very desirous I should
be oftener with them." H© asks that he be sent books, such
as a " Delightful Method of Friendly Eeligion," Plain In-
structions for the Young and Ignorant, Being a Short Exposi-
tion of the Church Catechism," " An Essay towards Making
Religion Easy/' " The Christian Scholar for the Use of School
Boys " etc., " which are not to be had with us, but may be
purchased in London at very easy rates." Dr. Bray ^^has
done much good to Maryland in this affair, viz,, in giving and
stirring up others to give such good and useful books to such
as want them. But I understand he is dead." Therefore Mr.
Murdock applies to the Bishop. Murdock had lost almost all
his books in a fire and requests for himself and his successors
such volumes as: Dr. Scot's Sermons, Mr. Blair's Works, Dr.
Barrow's Works, Dr. Beveredge's Works and Dr. Williamson's
Works. Two years later, on June 30, 1732, (317-28) again
he asks for books. All the old parishes were pretty well fur-
nished without cost by Dr. Bray. Our parish is very young,
poor, and of a vast great bounds " and with few inhabitants
in it." Consequently, " we want books much more than the
others." " A few plain sermon books and some of our Church

TJK3PUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS FROM FULHAM PALACE. 135

catechisms explained would suit our circumstances very ^welL
The catechisms I would have all of a sort of it, otherwise 3 of
each sort you send/^

The letter is endorsed, " Ordered, March 16 '32/3 by the
Society, that some Common Prayers, Duties of ilan, and small
Tracts to be distributed be sent."

The Church Wardens and vestrymen of Prince George's
Parish (317-38) had petitioned the Bishop for books on July
6, 1731^ James Smith, Alexander Magruder, Eliphaz Kiley,
John Bell, Charles Perry, Thomas Harris, William Penson and
Thomas ffetchall sign the letter. They tell how Murdock's
house was burned with his certificate of orders and his books
and they ask for a new certificate. " We acknowledge that we
are very well satisfied with him, in relation to the premises,
and, at his motion, we humbly pray your Lordship to send our
parish a small library of books some share of that may be more
properly for the use of him and his successors, ministers of our
parish and others that may be adapted to the capacities of the
meanest readers/' In the parish, not all the people " are of
one opinion in matters of religion. Beside those of the Com-
munion of the C9iurch of England, we have a Popish Chappel
and a Presbyterian Meeting house very nigh our Church. The
Papists have been very bold of late, but, blessed be God, they
can do us no harm. The Presbyterians are very peaceable and
also the Quakers, of which persuasion we have some." The
parish was of very large extent and, therefore, had the greater
need of books than was the case in compact parishes. [The
Presbyterian meeting house was at Bladensburg,]

XII.— The Eev. H. Mcols, rector of St. Michael's Parish,
Talbot County (317-71) wrote of his troubles: ''The parish
possessed a small glebe, but neither house fit for the minister
nor a quantity of land for a plantation. The glebe was yearly
rented for a Hogshead of tobacco, which may be reckoned at
40 shillings. Eighteen years previously a very good planta-
tion was left to the church, but, by a defect in the donor's will,

136

MARTLAim HISTOBICAI,

it is lost, though I beKeve it to be recoverable if we had a fund
to go to law upon."

About 10 years previously Col. Snuthson, a very grave and
pious gentlemanj left dwelling, plantation, and 5 or 6 other
tracts of land, eight negro slaves and considerable plate for the
use of the Communion Table, but, by the Fraud of his Execu-
trix, all had like to be defeated." Whm he died, he had money
enough in his house to pay all debts, but she concealed it and
" brought the estate so much in debt that the negroes and plate
were all swallowed up." When she died, "the gentleman's
brother-in-law kept possession of the House and Lands, for
which we have been at law these 5 or 6 years, and beside parish
charges, I have been a great deal out of pocket myself in cary-
ing on the suit and so has the Eev.Mr. Wilkinson. At length,
not 3 weeks ago, we have possession of the plantation, but do
not expect to keep it without as much molestation as he can
give ue, he being a papist and bearing an inveterate grudge to
me and the church. He has suffered the dwelling and all the
outhouses to become an absolute ruin." The parish will not
repair them and Nicols cannot. He does not wish his successor
to be able " to come on his executor " for dilapidations.

XIII. — ^From Somerset County on June 31 (sic), 1T25, to
an unknown clergyman, a letter is sent by the vestry of one of
the parishes, viz: William Stoughton, Capell King, Levin Gale,
Thomas Dashiell, Henry Eallerd and Thomas Lawes stating
that Mr. William Gale has informed them of the clergyman's
worth (31Y-206) and therefore, they invite him to come as their
minister. He will receive 20,000 pounds of tobacco each year
and perquisites for marriages, funerals, sermons, etc. The
public school, settled in the parish by recent act of the Assem-
bly, wants a master and will pay £40 a year as his salary.
Both places may be held by the same man, making his annual
remuneration worth at least £130. Mr. William Gale can
describe the parish, No other minister will be received, until
this letter be answered. On Ifov. 16, 1725, a testimonial (317-
109) was prepared at Wliifchaven, England by several gentle-

UM-PUBLISHED MAlsrUSCBIPTS FBOM FULHAM PALACE. 137

men to Rev. Mr. Kirkby^ curate at Egremont, who had been
invited to Somerset County by gentlemen^ mostly known by the
gigaers.

XIV. — Gov. Charles Calvert (317-112) on i^ov. 8, 1721,
wrote the Bishop, that, at the latter's request, he had inducted
the Eev. Mr. Fletcher into one of the best parishes in Mary-
land and, on July 26, 1724, Calvert wrote again (317-114)
to congratulate the new Bishop on his translation to the see and
to state that the " loyalty " of the Maryland clergy to King
George^ their affection to our proprietor, and the regard they
have had to me command everything I can do to serve them.^'

XV. — ^Kev. Alexander Campbell wrote, on Oct. 22, 1727
(317-70) that Lord Baltimore should be given Delaware to

put dovm " the Quakers there. Campbell desired to be re-
moved from Maryland. He had been falsely charged with
" too great intimacy with Women." " Mr. Koss, a nonjuring
clergyman and one of Dr. Walton's associates, is my enemy."
Campbell had been condemned unheard, when too ill to appear
before Ross and " some 2 or 3 missionaries more," Eoes's
brother was the chief accuser and the only witnesses against
Campbell were Eoss's brother's son and a convict, transported
from England for wool istealing.

XVI. — The Rev. John Lang, rector of St. Luke's Parish,
Queen Anne's County, wrote the Bishop of London, on August'

14, 1731, asking for a church in England. He had been or-
dained in May 1725 and arrived in Virginia during that year.
Two years later, he removed to Maryland, where he served a
parish 50 miles long and 30 miles broad, traveling through
uninhabited woods and marshes " to visit his parishioners.
The " excessive heats of summer and violent colds of winter
brought his health so low'^ that he could not longer perform
his duties. He had been advised to go to England for his
health, but could not afford to give up his living, which such
absence would vacate, and so fail to care for his wife and chil-

138

MAEYLAIJTD HISTOEICAL MAGAZIIS'E.

dren. If he had been single^ he would have been willing to
die in Maryland and, if he had continued well, he would " re-
main in this corner, where there is so great need of Gospel
ministers." " The thoughts of leaving a virtuous wife and
good children here to the mercy of a people who begrudge min-
isters the small allowance of subsistence must be very shocking
to any tender husband or parent." (317-16). Several years
later, on May 29, 1735 (317-52), he asked the Bishop to per-
mit him to return to England and give him a benefice there.
Through illness, Lang was hardly able to write and he " can
bear neither cold nor fatigue." He has no assistant and the
other clergy have large parishes, so they cannot aid him. As
soon as any clergymen arrive in %e Province, " they have cures
of their own," for there are always vacant parishes. For six
years, he held St. Luke's parish, a very large one, 50 miles in
length and 30 miles in wideness," in which were 3 different
places of worship, " 12 and 18 miles apart." God prospered
his labors there with visible success. There were only 11
communicants when he came, and 85 when he left. He found
no church nor chapel, at his arrival, but by " my indefatigable
labor and industry, I got built a very handsome brick church,
77 feet in length, 35 feet in wideness, and 22 feet pitch in the
walls, all plastered and whitewashed on the inside and furnished
with a very decent Chancel, Communion Table and Kails, Pul-
pit, Reading Desk, Clerk's Pew and 4 rows of pews from end
' to end, a large Gallery in one end from side to side, for conmion
people and servants. The church is well lighted, having 13
windows, 10 feet in height each, 3 doors, and a bell of about
170 pd. wt, and, in forwarding of the good work I sunk above
£ 100 sterling of my own money." At the same time, he se-
cured " voluntary subscriptions for a Chappel of Wooden Work,
45 feet in length and 26 feet in wideness," which was built and
furnished. On account of his health, he sought " an easyer
Cure tho' less income." St. James was a small parish, ^^16
miles in length and about 10 miles in wideness, with one place of
worship," yet sometimes Lang " cannot in 3 or 4 months, visit

UNPTTBI.ISHED MJI.BrUSCEIPTS FROM FTTILHAM PALACE. 139

my church nor walk thro' my room, and there is danger that the
people fee seduced by papists and Quakers. These latter
make abor© % of the whke people in the parish, and have two
meeting houses. There are some also of people of better sort
of fashion, Papists, and they have also mass at home." Lang
had a wife and three children. Physicians advised his return
to England and held out hope of recovery, if he does so.

On February 8, 1735/6, Eev. M.T. Lang wrote again, to re-
peat his request (317-14). He had written asking other promi-
nent men in England to give their aid, such as Horace Walpole,
the Archbishop of York and the Bishop of Winchester, but re-
ceived no reply from them, which fact reminds him how the
priest and levite passed on the other side of the way, when the
man fell among thieves. He had been transferred to St.
James, Herring Creek Parish, in Anne Arundel County, but
his health will not permit him properly to perform his work.
He cannot find a curate, nor afford to resign his charge. He
encloses a testimonial from Gov. Ogle, dated October 9, 1735,
stating that Mr. Lang has " languished under great indisposi-
tion of body through sickness of various kinds " and intends to
return to England for his health. " He is a worthy and deserv-
ing clergyman of the Church of England, sober and discreet in
his conversation, a strict observer of his duty in the discharge
of his sacred ofiice and of loyal and sound principles in relation
to the present establishment in Church and State. He has been
by me judged worthy of the best preferment hcre.^^ On June
25, 1736, Mr. Lang (317-73) again importuned the Bishop
for an English cure and asked that the aBswer be sent in care
of Dr. John Hamilton of Calvert County, if the ship come
thither, or in care of William Cumming, attorney at law, at
Annapolis, if the ship is bound for that port. Mr. Lang became
desperate and, on November 27, 1736, wrote that he would
^^come home" (317-72), but his efforts to return to England
were fruitless. He continued at Herring Creek for fourteen
years and until his death in 1748 (GambralFs Church Life in
Colonial Md., pp. 188-203).

3

140

MAETLAJNTD HISTOEICAI. MAGAZIITE.

XVII. — On November 18, 1733, Lord " Baltemore recom-
mended for holy orders, Mr. Chapp, for whom he had ordered
a living in Anne Arundell County to be kept vacant. Chapp
has had a " hberal education " and is " very conversant in the
law.^^

XVIII. — ^Nathaniel Whitaker went to England, carrying
with him a certificate as to his character (317-213), written in
1738 by the clergymen of Perth Amboy and Elizabeth in !New
Jersey and of Staten Island in New York, and also a bond (317-
77) executed by the Eev. Thomas Fletcher, rector of All Hal-
low's Parish, Somerset County, on February 18, 1739/40 that
he would pay Whitaker, as curate, £20 sterling per annum,
with the benefits of the perquisites for marriage and funerals,
when he should return as a clergyman. Rev. Mr. Fletcher also
wrote to the Bishop from Somerset County, on June 18, 1740,
stating that Whitaker had been in the Province for 10 months.
He brought good testimonials and had shown " discreet and
Christian behavior." Fletcher requested that Whitaker receive
holy orders, so that he might become his curate. " Many, who
otherwise constantly attend the service and are strictly attached
to the interests of the Church of England, have, by reason " of
the " largeness " of the parish, " been induced to frequent Dis-
senting Meeting Houses of the Presbyterians. A curate could
remedy this condition of affairs.

XIX. — ^In 1721, Wilham Bewenton executed deeds for cer-
tain landed properties to Rev. Alexander Adams. Bewenton
owed John Caldwell some tobacco and the latter attacked the
deeds in the Provincial Chancery Court as fraudulent (31'7-
163). The suit dragged on for some years and finally, in
1726, the deeds were ordered to be set aside. We hear of Eev.
Mr. Adams again, many years later, when on October 5, 1751,
he petitioned for the appointment of a Bishop in the Province
and suggested financial arrangements (317-55) for that pur-
pose.

UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS FEOM FULHAM PALACE. 141

XX. — The Eev. A. Spencer ^ on September 25, 1750, wrote
that, in the beginning of June, he had arrived in Virginia with
the promise of a parish in Maryland. He found that every one
condemned " Dr. Middleton's arguments on miracles ^ and his

uncivil mode of disputing " with the Bishop. Spencer may
be addressed in care of Benedict Oalvert at Annapolis. He
brought with him the Bishop's letter on earthquakes and found
that it was read by most people "with the greatest approba-
tion.^^ I remember the (jrovernor one day, at his own table
(whence your Lordship^s health has been several times drunk)
observed that, allowing the earthquake to be no threatening from
the Almighty God; yet, as your Lordship's letter tended to
awaken the consciences of hardened sinners, and to make man-
kind better, it certainly deserved the highest encomium."

XXI. — In a letter written on September 29, 1769, Eev.
Henry Addison stated that he was a Master of Arts of Queen's
Collie, Oxford.

During the period covered by these papers, the following
clergymen were Bishops of London:

Henry Oompton (1676-1713).
John Robinson (1714-1723).
Edmund Gibson (1723-1748).
Thomas Sherlock (1748-1761).

* Archibald Spenc^, who came to Virginia, Sept^ber 20, 1749.

U2

MAEYLAKD HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE,

PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMITTEE OF OBSERVA-
TION FOR ELIZABETH TOWN DISTRICT
[WASffHfGTON OO^^iTfY].

14*^ SepF 1775.
In compliance witli an order of the Convention an Election
was held at Elisabeth Town on the 12*^ day of September 1775
for a Committee of Observation & delegates to serve in Conven-
tion when the f oUowS Gentlemen were duly elected vz

Committee
Christian Orendurflp Joseph Chaplain

John StuU
Charles Sweringen
Andrew Bench

Baird
J onathan Hager
Col. Cresap

Zekiel Cox John Eench
Conrad H(^ire Yates

John Cellar J ames Smith

Sam^ Hughes J oseph Smith

George Zwingly CoU. Beale

Delegates
Willam B«.ird

&

John Stull

The Committee met for the first time on the 14*^ of Septem-
ber 1775, when the following members were present

John Stull Esq^ President

Sam^ Hughes Secretary
James Smith Z : Cox . John Cellar

John Eench G. Zwingley Baird

Cap^ Hogmire C. Orendurff Charles Sweringen

Yates And : Ren<3h

Tte following persons were appointed to serve as a Commit-
tee for licencing Suits vz

James Smith Col^ Beale John Cellar

Samuel Hughes John Eench Charles Sweringen

Conrad Hogmire

COMMITTEE OF OWWEK^ATIOK-

143

Cap* Jonathan Hagar was appointed to receive all Sums of
money that may be Voluntarily given for the publick good.

Order'd Thai tW following persons carry tiie Aftweiation to
all f reemeif residfenlfc ki ti^ iisteict a»d rtfuii* eabactip-
tien to the same vz

In Linton Hundred
Fort Frederick
Conecocheague

Salisbury
Ehz. Town

Upper Antietam

Lower Antietam
Sharpsburg

Iffarsh Hundred

Thomas Hynes
Benj^ Jonston
Tho^ Sweringen
David Jones
Isaac Baker
Doct^ Shnebly
Henry Cellar
Dan^ Clapsadle
Ludwick Young
Andrew Link
Dan^ Perry
Christ. Lance
George Dement
Thos Cramptou!
Conrad Shnebly
Doc* Cruse
Jn® Reynolds Jun.
Eichd Davis
Ignatious Sims
Peter White

Application being made to this Committee by the Committee
of Georges Creek on jtfonogahala for Amunition, Ordered that
11^ Stull deliver unto J. Sweringen for the use of the said
Committee Seventy four Pounds of Gun Powder at 3/6 ^ H.
& Eighty Pounds of Lead at 6.^ ^ lb. & receive the money for
the same and keep it untill further directions from this Com-
mittee.

Resolved that each member of this Committee shall pay 5/
fine for each days non attendance without a Lawful! excuse^
CoP Cresap excepted. It is also resolved that each Member pay

144

MAEYLAKD HISTOEICAI. MAGAZIITE.

his Club of the expences attend^ tliis Comimttee, present or
absent.

Tbe C(Hninittee adjourns till tbe 1^* Monday in October.

A Letter being rec^ from tbe Committee of Correspondence
for tbe Middle District of tbis County relative to tbe raisS two
Companies of Minute men. Tbe Committee met for that pur-
pose on Monday tbe 18 of Sep^ 1775.

Present

Jno StuU Esq^ President
Sam^ Hugbes Seer.

Cap* Hogmire John Eench George Zwingley

Cap* Smith ' John Cellars Charles Sweringen

Cap* Hagar And : Eench

Eesolved That Mess^^ Henry Shriock & James Chaplain be
appointed to enroll two Companies of Minute men being the
number alloted for this district & they are hereby appointed for
that purpose.

The Committee adjourns till 1^* Monday in October.
The Committee met according to adjournment present
Joseph Smith Esq^ in l3ie chair
Sam* Hughee Sec*y
James Smith Cap* Hagar T. Cellars

C : OrendurflF Cap* StuU L. Yates

Z : Cox Con : Hogmire And : Eench

C. Sweringen G: Zwingly W*^ Beard

It appears to this Committee (from the representation of
some of the members who have endeavored to get their neighbors
to enroll in Companies of Militia) that the greatest numbers
refuse in consequence of several religious sects being excepted
by the resolves of the Convention.

Eesolved, That this Committee is of opinion that its highly
reasonable that every person who enjoy the benefit of their relig-
ion & protection of the Laws of this free Country ought to Con-
tribute either in money or Military service towards the defence
of these invaluable Eights.

COMMITTEE OF OBSEBVATIOH".

145

Ees<i That two shillings & six pence Cui^y ^ week (for all
these who are restrained by religious principles from contribute
their proportion in military service) wo^ be equal to musterS
agreeable to tSie directions of the Convention.

Eesolved, that a remonstrance be sent to the next Convention
set^ forth the cause &' substance of the above resolve.
Ordered, that the Commissioned Officers of the Militia Com-
panies in this District attend at Eliz. Town on the 3^ Monday
of this month in order to Vote for persons to be recommended to
the Council of Safety as field Officers.

Theodore Grove \ Debt

Jacob Miller ) Licence granted

The Committee adjourns till the 16. October.

The Committee met according to adjournment present Jn*^
StuU Gov^ in the chair

Sam^ Hughes Sec^^
George Zwingly Cha^ Sweringen Beard
J ames Smith Andrew Eench J ohn Cellars

John Eench Cap* Hagar Z : Cox

Christian Orendorff

On a motion being made & seconded. It was order'd That a
Letter sho^ be wrote the Com^ of Correspondence in the Middle .
District that it is the opinion of this District that the Battalion
of Minute men for this Coimty wo*^ receive great advantage by
being kept together & Instructed, & that this Com^ are desirous
such a plan sho^ be fell on and that a meeting of the Three Dis-
tricts of this County wo^ be advisable, & in case such meetl? shc^
be appointed to attend at said meeting with full power to Act ^
for this Committee in the afores^ business*

Ludwick Myers complaind ^ Licence granted p^

I ^

Elijah Lackland )

146 MABYXAND HB3TOEICAI. MAOAZINE.

Akn MiUer ^Licence granted

( a writ
Spangler & Hargate }

Michl Taylor \jy^

Thos Lucket i

Eich^ Davis v

EHjahHue i

Ordered that all those who have enroll*^ with Brook &
Dement do join & form one Company & immediately proceed
to the choice of officers.

On motion of Thomas Frinck Sen^ to the Commitie of the
Uper District of Frederick County that he hath been Often In-
sulted by The Residents of the Uper Part of Frederick County
by Refusing To Pay their PubHck Dues ; it is the Opinion and
Advice of this Committie that they Ought to Pay their Levies
and all their Publick Dues for the Suport of the Civil Grover-
ments.

A motion being made by a Member of the Committie That as
Sundrey Companeys of the Militia that is not yet Made Up
and Enroled According to the Directions of The Provincial Con-
vention and as the ^Tumber of the said Companeys Appeareant
to be Raised Doth Not Ammount To Make up Three full Battal-
Kons it is Resolved by The said Committee in Order to satisfie
the^ Pof #lu» Thai am Ekctien b# for the Hagivsloim Bntalloii
On the 23^ Day of October 1775 And for the Lower Batallon
On the 30^^ Day of Oct^ (Inst.) and that the said Lower Batal-
lon shall Transmitt a fuU and Cleare Copy of Their Illectiiai
lur Ae Cmaniitit of Cwrespondmee foi The sski Destriet in Or-
der that they May Transmitt The same to the Councell oi Bedty
of this Provance that They May Take Order thereim.

Comittie -Mjeumd to the 23^ In&i

the Committee met on the 11^^ ^Tovember 1775 Colonell Jo-
seph Smith in the Cheair Agreed that Cap* StuU Cap* Hog-

147

mim Cap* Baker Cap* Rentcli Cap* Hughes Cap* Eersner Cap*
Scryack Cap* Clapsadle be the &mt B«.ttallioii.

Cap* Orendorph Cap* Sholley Cap* Williams Cap* Davis
Cap* Smith Cap* Demand Cuf^ Sweringiii Caj^* Wallisg be
the second Battallion.

Whereas it has Been Represented to this Committee by
John Swan that his Character has been much aspersed by a
Certain John Shryack a^s having saith that he suspected the said
Swan haveing been an Enimy to America the said John
Shrack being call'd to this Committie and making nothing ap-
peare aginst him the said John Swan is Honerable acquitted
by this Committee of said Charge the CoHamittie ajoums to
Mmdj thm 20 Imt.

At the meeting of the Committee on the 19 of Nov^ 1775
present

My James Smith President
StuU Sweringen Zwingly

Benrd Ja* Bwdi 31^ Hughes

A. Bench

Doc^ John Connelly of Fort Pitt & certain persons call^ Doc'

Smith & Campbell were bro* before the Committee & accused
of being inimical to the Liberties of America. Eesolved unani-
mously that the said Doct^ Connelly (from certain papers pro-
duced to this Committee and acknowledged to have been wrote
by him) is a dangerous Enemy to the Colonies & as such shall
be sent to the Council of Safety or Convention for further trial,
it was also Eesolved that the afors^ Doct^ Smith and Camp-
bell being f ©und guihy of many eqnivooe?ti©ns & com& in Com-
pany with the af ores^ Doc^ Connely from the dangerous Coun-
cils of Lord Dunmore that is the opinion of this Commtee that
the said Smith & Campbell shall be sent to the Council of Safety
or Convention for ftfrlicer enqTiiry.

148

MAJRYLAISTB HISTOEICAL MAGAZIM,

The Committee adjourns till the 1^* Monday in Dec^ber.

The Committee met according.

present

Mr Jas Smith in the Chair
Christian Orendurff Andrew Eench G. Zwingly
John Eench 0 : Sweringen S : Hughes

John Fry ^

* V Licence granted for a Writ

Philip dinger )

Francis Esylict
Aron Bowman

I Licence for a warrant in 8 days

George Dangler 1 Ucence for execution

Baker Gull &D: Gulp J

By Order of the Commite Apointed Daniel Heaster To Arbi-
trate and Award on An Affair of Oontroversey Now Depending
betwixt William Sitssler and Christian Shneakenberger in the
Koom of Cap* Johanathan Hager Desceaased

Decebr the 4*^^ 1775.
Licence Granted to John PuflSngberger To Isue sute against
Michael Gonstater in a Plea of Debt

Novbr the 4*1^ 1775.
Ordered That Sam^ Hughes and Andrew Bench do attend at
M: Harrys on Thursday next in order to receive the Acco* of
necessarys supplied the Rifle Companys & transmit the Same to
the Treasurers of Philadelphia for payment.

The Committe adjourn till the 4*^ Monday in this month.
A list of Eifles appraised for Cap* Oresaps Company July 28
1775.

John Miller £ 5.. 15.. 0 18 Bro* up £ 74. 0. 0
John Grip 4.. 0.. 0 Peter Wheland 5. 0. 0

Philip Stildibran 4.. 5.. 0 Ernest Deeds for 5. 5. 0
Henry Ealglezer 4.. 0.. 0 Jn® Tombl^on
Philip Lear 4.. 15.. 0 Jacob Roarer by

FredEoar^ 5. 0. 0

COMMITTEE

OF

OBSEEVATIOW.

149

Benj. Mnsselman

4..

0..

A

u

Christian Coogle

A

4.

0.

0

Doct^ Hart

5..

0..

0

~T% J. TXT J.

Peter Wertz

5.

15.

0

John Boarer

3..

15..

A

u

xno" oims

0.

0

Christian Heward

3..

10..

0

H^ry lost

A

4.

15.

0

John Boozer

2..

10..

0

Jctiiier

A

*±,

10.

0

John Oarepeny

4.

10.

0

rec oy w -cjngiisn

A

10.

0

Dan^ Miller

4..

10. 0

Francis Waggoner

4.

15.

0

Stephn Tilery

4.

5.

0

Delman Wilshaps

Jacob Shivley

3.

15.

0

son in Law

A

4.

10.

0

Christian Shank

3..

10..

0

Henry Eoland

4.

10.

0

Nicholas Vemer

5..

5..

0

Andrew Dickson

4.

5.

0

Daniel Stutsman

4..

0..

0

one l\!rore

4.

0.

0

Jacob Peter

2..

15..

0

Philip Erhard

6.

0.

0

18 car^ up

£74.

. 0..

0

33 Guns :

£143. 15.

0

Eec^ July the 27, 1775 of the Oonunittee of Elizabeth Town
district Thirty two Rifle Guns appraised at one Hundred &
Thirty seven Pounds fifteen shillings for the use of my Com-
pany which I do hereby promise to pay to the said Committee
as soon as I am enabled so to do by receive money of the Conti-
nental Congress

I say rec^ P^ me
(signal) Michael Cresap.
ditto rec*^ another Eifle Gun appraised at £5.0.0.

p me

(Signd) Michael Cresap.
The above is an exact Copy of the Voucher sent to Philadel-
phia by M^ Hester.

Sam^ Hughes.

]Sr<> 2 Francis Waggoner 3 Eifles £ 15. 0. 0

sign'd ^ Cap* Price

d*^ Gun Smith work

sign'd by Leiu* Davis 4. 3. 3

£ 19. 3. 3

150

MAEnLANT> HISTOEICAI. MAGAZOTE.

3 Thames Swnis* ion Dry Goods

sign'd by Leiu* Davis 5. 13* 5

4 BafeerCoal

sign'd by Cap* Cresap 15. 15. 0

5. George Dile 2 Rifles sign'd by Cap* Price 9. 0. 0

6. Cassandra Williams for maks H. Shirk for

Cap* Cr«fi»|« Go p»©ved hefBve StuU %1X 0

7. Henry Twtroter % D©er skins

sign'd by Leu* Davis 45/
d^ maks 1 p^ Breeches 1*^ by

Lien* Bfffi*few 15. 0

8 Jno Edwards sign'd ty L«u* Daw# 10. 6. 10

9 Mathias Ott 70 Eashons d<> 2. 12. 6

10 Mary Kerr mak^ Caps Leu* Rawlins 2. 0. 0

11 George Zin d» Leni^ Davis 1. 5. 0

12 Ernest Deeds Gun Smith work d« 4. 16. 0

13 Jacob Fisher Shot bags L* E!awlins 1. 6. 6

14 Fred Roarer 1 Gun Cap* Price £5. 0.0-^

do 90 Eashons L* Cresap 3. 7* 6 V 9. 1. 8
do L* Davis 0. 14. 2 i

15 Martin Harry 109 Rashons L* Davis 4. 1. 9

16 W^^Hyser 76 Rashons & Drink

L* Davis & Rawlings 3. 12. 5

17 Jacob Shriock L* Davis 0. 12. 0

18 Cap* Shriock Rashons Cap* Cresap 28. 1. 2 1 29 2 8

do Caps L* Davis 1. 1. 6 /

19 Michl Fogler 118 Eashon L* Davis 4. 8. 6

20 Jno Montgomery d® 0. 14. 0

21 Peter Bell 90 Rashons (f* 3. 7. 6

22 Jn^Ragen do 3.18. 6

£126. 3. 6

23 John Swm Btom Goodb Cap* Cresap 31. 2. 6

157. 6. 0

The above is an exact Acco* of the Voucher sent to Phil* by
M^ Hester

S. Hughes.

OOMMITTEE OF OBSEKVATION.

151

December the 18: 1775 the Cominittee met Joseph Smith in
the Ohaire Christan Orendorph Andrew Eentch George Swengle
John Kentch John Cellar Conrad Hogmire.

Agreed that Cap* Schryack is to have one pound of Powder
and f omt pound of Led for WMoh lie was mSt m T§km Connely.

Agreed that Each Captain of tire two Battaleons is to have
two pounds of powder and six pounds of Led to be applied only
to the use of the Publick in case of an Invasion and to be re-
turned if Demanded.

Agreed if Cap* Hughes Comes whome before the first Day of
January "Next and Dose not Come to this Committee upon the
Complaint of Le* William Hesser AAum Smith and John
Oster he then shall be sent for.

The Committee was called cm lie 10^ «f Jan^ 1776. Sam^
Hughes in the chair.

Cap* Hogmire Cap* Kench Cellars
Cap* Smith Zwingly M^" John Bench

Cap* Sweringen

Doc^ Smith (who made his escape from Frederids: Town)
was bro* before the Committee, & seveml fetters of <5omsequence
from Doct^ Connelly to the Enemies of America in the Back
Country was found with him. Resolved that the said D^ Smith
be sent under safe guard to the Congress.

The Committee adjourns till Monday next.

The Committee met according to adjournment 15 Jan^ 1776.
Present

Joseph Smith in the chair

John Rench And : Rench G. Zwingly

C : Hogmire Jn<^ Sellars Sam^ Hughes

Jas Smith C. Orendurff

152

MARYI^ANI) HISTOBIOAIv MAGAZINE.

ordered that Henry Tost be supplied with six Pounds of Powder
at / ^-Ib. to prove his muskets with

The Committee adjourns till the 1®* Monday in Feb^.

The Committee meet According to Adjomm* on Monday the
5th peb^ i77e

Present

John StuU Esq^ in the Chair

Andrew Eench Esq^ Sam^ Hughes Esq'^

John Sellers Esq^ M'' John Rench
Conrade Hogmire Esq^ E. Cox

Charles Swearingen Esq^ M^ Tates
Mr Geo : Swingler Beard

Ordered that Thomas Brooke be Clk to this Committee. The
Committee Proceed to the Tryal of Cap* S. Hughes and after
Examination of the Evidences do Honorably Acquit him, they
not being able to make anything appear against him.

Henry Tost haveing been Charged with make^ use or Selling
the Powder allowed him by this Committee to Prove his Mus-
ketts, is Honorably Acquited, as he has fully satisfied the Com-
mittee he is clear of the Charge.

Ordered that M^ Basil Prather be recommended by this
Committee as a Cap* and M^ Henry Prather as Lieu* to the
Contin^ Congress.

The Comittee adjourns to the 3^ Monday in this Month.

The Committee meet according to Adjournment the 19*^
Eeb'^y 1776.

Present

Major Joseph Smith in the Chair

C. Eagle

Thos. Mercer

Coll John StuU
Major Charles Swearingen
Major Andrew Rentch
Cap* John Sellers

Mr Jn^ Rench

Cap* Chris^ Orendoff

Oap* Conrad Hogmire

C0M3OTTEE OP OBSEKVATIOK.

153

Cap* Jn^ Cellers and Leutenn* McGlaughlin appointed to In-
quire what number of the Country Arms are in the hands of
Cap* Isaac Baker and to know what Order they are in.

Ordred that Cap* Samuel Hughes have nine pounds of Pow-
der to prove one of the Cannon.

Ordered that Moses Chapline be reeoimne^ by this Com-
mittee to the Continental Congress — as a person fitting to take
command of a Company as Cap* in the Service of his Country.

Ordered that Leutennant CoU Smith of the 36*^ Batalion be
recommended to the Council of Safety or Convention of this
Province as first Coll to said Batalion in place of Coll Beall who
has refused his Coiimiission & Capt^ Orendoffs Leutennant
Coll to said Batalion, and Jn^ Reynolds Cap* and George Kiser
first Lent* to Cap* Orendoffs's Company.

The Committee Adjourns to the first M<Hiday in March,

The Committee meet According to Adjdrnment the 4*^
March 1776-
Present

Cap* Conrade Hogmire in the Chair

Coll John StuU Cap* 8bxo} Hughes

Cap* Jn^ Sellers Coll Andrew Bench

M^ John Bench George Swingler

Ordered that the following persons hand ab* the associations
(viz)

Thomas Brooke, Geo. Dement, John Charlton, JoAua
Barnes, Jam^ Walling, John Bench, John Sellers, David Jones,
John Bennett, Jn^ StuU, Sam^ Hughes, Peter MoUey, Daniel
Perry, John Reynolds.

Order that the Cap*^ of each hundred take an Association pa-
per, and Present it to the Inhabitants of their hundred for Sign-
ing, and make an Exact Acc* of those that sign and those that
refuse with their Reasons for refusing.

Conegochecque hundred excepted, David Jones, John Ben-
nett, Balser Mudy & Matthias Oats being appointed for that
Purpose.

154

MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZIK^E.

Ordered that Coll Jolin StuU, Cap* Samuel Hughes and Coll
J osoph Smith be Judges of the Election for Ae -Choice of Six
members in place of Capt^ Hagar deceased. Coll Sam^ Beall,
Coll Thos Cresap, Jos. Chapline, who refused Cox and
William Yates who are taken into the uper hundred.

Order that Henry Eoland be keep under a GiiArd ©f six men
until] sent to the Councel of Safety for tryal, but in case he
shall sign the Association Inrole into some Company, ask par-
don of this Committee and give good Security for his good be-
havior for tke future to fee pele«sed.

Orderd that the Sheriff of Frederick County Obtain a Gener-
al Warr* on his List of Puhlick Leveys ^d Clergy due last
year.

The Committee Adjorns to the 3^ Monday in this Month.

The Committee met on Monday the 18*^ March
Present

William Beard in the Chair
Co" John StuU John Celler

Conrad Hogmire John Rentch

Andrew Eentch Michael Fockler

George Swingley William Hisser

The Committe Was Called the 6^ of Ap" 1776
Heny Shryock in the Cheir

Colli And^ Eench M^ J. Rench

Cap* Michl Fockler Cap* W^ Hyser

Cap* J. Sdler ' C^ Lentz

Was Bro* before this Committe Engell and Better Gansberger
for Speaking onbecoming Words aginst tiae Association — ^after
acknowledge their fault & Signed —

The Committee Adgorns to the 8*^ of April 1776, nine
O'clock.

The Committee Met According to AdjourmMnt daa 43ie 8*^
of April. Members Present

COMMITTEE OF OBSEEVATIOIS'.

155

Coll Beale in the Chair

MF Charles Swearingen

M.^ George Swingley
M'* Christian Lance
John StuU

Michel Eockler
Andrew Eentch
Mr John Cellers

Joseph Smith

Christian Orandorff

Conrad Hogmire
Mr Joseph Chapline
Mr William Beard

Mr William Hizer

M^ Henry Shryock

Mr John Rentch
In Council of Safety Annapolis March 23*^ 1776 —

The great DiflSculty we find in providing Blankets for the
regular forces raised for the Defense of this province obliges us
to apply to the Committees of observation for the Several Coun-
ties and Districts earnestly requesting that they would use there
Endeavors to procure from the House keppers in their respec-
tive Counties and Districts all the blanketts or rugs that they
can with any Convenience spare for which the Council will pay
such prices as the Commitees shal agree on as well as any Ex-
pence, that may arrise in Collecting than together & when you
have procured any Quantity you will send them to Annapolis
to Coll. Smalwood or in his absence to the Commanding officer
on the Station who will recieve the Same & give orders on the
Council for the Payment thereof we hope that the friends to
our Cause in the County will Contribute Everything in their
power to the Comfortable Subsistance of the Soldiery in this
respect, it will be an act of Great humanity and render an
essential Service to the Publick.

As the Gentlemen appointed to Licence Sutes live incon-
venient to the place appointed to do business its therefore
thought best to appoint others in there place —

Resolved that Coll Joseph Smith Joseph Chapline Coll Sam^
Beale Jnr Major Henry Shryock Capt Hogmire Capt Eolkler
& Cap* Hizer be a Commite appointed for that purpose.

Gent^

^ Order

We are Gen*^ yr Obe* Ser*
Dan of Sr Tho^ Jennifer P.

4

156

MAEYLAI^D HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.

In Consequence of the preceeding Letter from the honorable
the Council of Safety of this province we have agreeable to
their request furnished them with what Quantity of blankets
& Kugs the Inhabitants of this District Can with any Conveni-
ence Spare & a price Eitimated on them by this Comitee as
follows Viz,

1

Beard 1 Blanket

0..

17..

6

"VTn

2

J onn Jrarks 1 Kugg

0..

12..

0

3

A 1 "r> J- 1 '4 "01 1 J.

Andrew Kentch 1 Blanket

0..

12..

6

A

oimon JVlyre 1 JJ^

0..

15..

u

5

Jrhilip Kymely 2 Coverlids

1..

5..

0

"VTn

6

T\n

1..

5..

0

"VTa

7

(ieorge -bry 1 Blankett

0,.

7..

6

8

Fulty Safety 1

0,.

5..

0

"VTn

9

Jacob Lazer 1

0..

12..

6

"VTn

Joseph Burly 1 Coverlid

1..

Q

U

"VTn

11

J OS Bierly 1 blanket

0..

5,.

0

JN^

Iz

Kicnard Uavis 1

1..

u..

0

"VTn

13

n mi a T> xl _ H X\n

Coll Tho^ Prather 1

0..

18..

0

14

Christian Ehour 1

0..

10..

0

15

T 1 Cil 1 -( "r\n

Leonard bnryock 1 1)^

0..

12,.

0

16

Ebbert Guthry 1 Coverbd

1..

10..

0

Wo

JL <

v^'nrisu.an jtLiiier jl ^^overiio.

-1

A

u

18

Jacob Prunk 1 Bla*

0..

14..

0

-^0

19

Jacob Ehour 1

0..

12..

6

NO

20

Ellon Miller 1

0..

9..

0

NO

21

Charles Swearingen 1

1..

0,.

0

NO

22

Christian Eversoles 1

0..

9..

0

NO

23

DO 1 quilt

0..

15..

0

NO

24

DO 1 Coverlid

0..

17..

6

No

25

John Ingram 1 Bla*

0..

15..

0

No

26

Adam Grimes D^

0..

19..

0

NO

27

DO

0..

19..

0

No

28

Douglas 1 B*

0..

18..

0

22.. 13.. 0

COMMITTEE OF OBSEKVATIO]!?^.

NO

29

Mathiaa Need 1 Elan*

0..

12..

0

30

Michel Ott 1

0..

5..

0

NO

31

John Fege 1 Do

0..

16..

0

No

32

Jeremiah Wels 1 Do

0..

10..

0

NO

33

Joseph Kentch 1 D*

0..

11..

0

NO 34

Zachariah Spires 1 D*

1..

0..

0

No

35

Mathias Need 1 Do

0..

10..

0

NO

36

Heny Stertsman 1 Do

0.,

12..

0

No

37

George Swengle 1 Do

0..

16..

0

NO

38

George Hofman 1

0..

7..

6

NO

39

Jacob Breembaugh 1

0..

18..

0

NO

40

Jacob Do 1 Do

0..

10..

0

No

41

Michl Miller 1 Do

0..

15..

0

NO 42

MictfDo ID*

0..

16..

0

NO

43

Do Do 1 Do

0..

14..

0

NO

44

Do DO 1 DO

0..

12..

0

NO

45

George Harfle 1 Do

1..

, 8.,

.0

NO

46

John Ehora 1

0..

5..

, 0

NO

47

T)o T)o 1 "Do

0

v..

K

No

48

Crestoph Burgard 1 Do

0.,

, 12.,

.0

NO

49

J acob Good Kugg 1 D*

1..

, 6.,

,0

NO

50

John Eench 1 D©

0..

12..

0

NO

51

John Stull Dr

0..

14..

,0

£ 14..

16..

6

A Copy

Received of Conrad Shitz 44 Blankets for the use of this
Province which was delivered him hy the Committee of Obser-
vation of Elizabeth Towm Bistrict. Received by me this 12*^
day of April 1776.

George Strieker.

Col^ John Stull received the remainder seven Blankets for
the Use of the Province.

Coll J. Stull deld ii2tt> Powder (belongs to the Publick) to
Cap* Burgess in order to Prove the Cannon at D & S. Hughes's
works — order'd the said Quantity remain in the Poseesiion of

158

MAEYLAXiTD HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.

D & S : Hughes untill this Committee takes further order there-

the Conunittee adjourns till Saturday 2 oclock —

the Committee met according to adjournment. Present
Co*^ Samuel Beall in the Chair
Co^ Joseph Smith Co^ Andrew Rentch

Cap^ John Keller IVP Christian Lentz

Cap^ Michael Fockler George Swengle

Cap* William Hisser John Eentch

Co^ John StuU Cap* Oonxad Hogmire

llj. Henry Scryack

On a Return being made to the Committie that Philip Oster
George Arnold Yost Vyland John Claper Jacob Rorrer would
not Enrol they were seaid for to appear before them who
accordingly appeare and Refused to Enrol where on they were
fined and ordered to Deliver up there arms and to pay as fol-
lowed in a month from the Date hereof Philip oster six pounds
George Arnold three pounds Yost Vyland two pounds John
Claper five pounds Jacob Rorrer ten pounds Common money.

The Committee orders that Maj^ Henry Schryack and Cap*
Michael f ockler shall Receive of M^ Daniel Huster what mony
is in his hands for arms and other ITess^arys purchased here
for Cap* Michael Cregaps Company gagnd ^ order of the
Committie

To Mr Daniel Huster

The Committee adjourns to tie 29*^ day of Apl 1YY6.

Aprill the 29*^ 1776 the Committee met according to ad-
journment. Present

Col Joseph Smith Christian Lentz

George Swingley William Hyser

Sam^ Hughs Christian Oriendolph

William Beard John Cellar

John Rench Col^ John StuU

Sam* Beall Jun^ Capt^ Conrad Hogmyer
Maj. Charles Swerringin

COMMITTEE OF OBSEBVATION.

159

Sam* Beall Jtm^ chosen Ohairman and Jam^s Clerk appoint-
ed Clerk.

Appeared Major Henry Shryock
Joseph Chaplain

Resolved that this Committee do pay the Clerk seven kil-
lings and six pence for each day that he shall attend and that
he consider himeslf under the ties of Honour not to disclose or
reveal the Secrets of the said Committee the Committee ad-
journs to three O'Clock afternoon —

The Committee met according to adjournment. On motion
resolv'd that the several Returns of non-Enrolers and nonasso-
ciators be considered whereon it appears hy a return made by
Capt^ James Wallen that Henry Newcomer^ Christian New-
comer, Jacob Warner, Jacob Martin, Henry Avey, George
Widerman, Henry Hoover, John Hoover, Jacob Hoover Sen^.
Jacob Hoover Jun^. W"^ Russel, John Avey, Joseph Bowman,
Jacob Root, Sam* Tunk, Henry Funk, Jacob Knave, Henry
K'nave, Jacob Stover, Adam Shuck, refuse to enroll according
to the resolves of the Convention, and by a Return made by
Peter Reed that Henry Funk, Joseph Funk, David Funk,
Peter Sady Christian Troxall, Mich^ Caggy, Jacob Grove,
Christian Cogle Christian Swats, Joseph Byerly, Adam Google
Chrisley Google Jacob Lashier, Morris Deale George Hoover,
John Hoover Jacob Sook, John Wagner Jacob Rowland.

And by a Return made by Capt^ Henry Butler that Jacob
Bachelhammer, Andrew Beadruck, Rudolf Brown, John World-
ly Rinker, George Rinker, Abraham Houser John HufEer
Yourst Garner, Peter Tourdy, and by a Return made by Capt^
Bazil Williams, that Joseph Avey, Christian Milles, Abraham
Miller, Henry Miller, Clem Miller, John Rineheart, Samuel
Blecher, and by a Return made by Capt^ Samuel Hughes, that
Philip Smith, Christopher Hyple, Jacob Good Jun?". Christo-
pher Good, Abraham Good, Frederick Spenhart, Philip Burger,
Jacob Shockey, John Housecre, Mcholas Housecre, Peter New-
comer, Michael Myer John Hoover Jun^.

160

MABTIiAJTB H1SC0®ICAI« ICACMZIIO:.

It is ordered tliat the Clerk Issue summons directed to the
several Captains for the afores^ Men to appear before the Com-
mittee of Observation at Hager's Town on the 7*^ day of May
next, to shew Cause why they do not enroll and associate, agree-
able to the Eesolves of the Convention, and shall not be fin'd
and obliged to deliver up their fire arms except Pistols to this
Committee.

It is likewise ordered that summons do Issue as aforesaid for
the following Persons to appear on the day aforesaid.

Eetum'd by Capt^ Michael Fockler viz. Samuel Mayer
Christian Rorer, John Punk^ Benjamin Noll, Henry Funk
Jun'", Samuel Bachell Sen^, Samuel Bachell J^, Isaac Bachell,
Joseph Rench, Herman Clapper.

And also for the following Persons returned by Capt^ Mar-
tin Kershner viz Adam Piper Michael Boovey.

And also for the following Persons returned by Capt^ John
Cellars viz, Jacob Broombaugh Sen^. Jacob Broombaugh Jun^.
John Broombaugh, Abraham Gansinger, Herman Clapper,
Christian Shank, Jacob Coughinour, Michael Shank, Abraham
Lidy, John Miller Dunkard, Daniel Switzer, Martin Bachel,
Andrew Postator, Dealman Washabagh, John Washabagh,
Jacob Hupper, Jacob Studebaker, John Bowman, David Mil-
ler, John Newswanger, Philip Jacob Miller, John Long, John
Clapper^ David Miller son of Philip.

Ordered tha^ Capt^ Baker make a Eetum of the Enrollment
of his Company sign'd by themselves,

A List of Debts contracted in Hagers Town by Capt^ 'Nel-
son^s Company for the Use of the Continental Service due to the
f ollowii^ Persons viz.
NO £ S. D.

1 Maf Henry Shryock 121.. 10.. 0 for 26 Eifles

2 46. 19. "6 for Boarding & Dieting

C^*, Iieut« and 26
Mm

COMMITTEE OF OBSEEVATICN.

161

£ S. d.

3 DO 1 Eifle Gun 3.. 5.. 0

4 Hyser for Dieting Soldirs in Capt« Nd-

son's Company 6.. 6.. 11

5 Do for DO 8-10.. 7

6 Fred^ Roarer for sundry neoessarioB fur-

nished Oapt» ISTelson's Company 111- 8.. 0

7 Scott for Sundries furnished Ckf^ H"el-

<son's Company * 18.. 2.. 11

8 Kudolph Play for Soaling 1 pair shoes 0.. 3.. 0

9 Martin Harry for Dieting Capt^ Nelson^s

Compy 30.. 8.. 6

10 Francis Waggoner for 3 Rifles 12.. 15.. 0

11 John Lee for Goods 6.. 8.. 4

12 John & Lee 1 Rifle 4.. 10.. 0

13 DO for Goods furnished 2.. 9.. 9

14 Nsith} Morgan for Cash 0.. 17.. 0
15. John Rape for 1 pair Breeches 1.. 19.. 0

16 Georg Bond Sen^ 1 Eifle 2.. 15.. 0

17 Martin Kershner 1 Eifle 5.. 15.. 0

18 Tho^ Long for Dieting Capt^ Nelson's Oompy 7.. 14.. 8

19 John Finglesharer for Diet 1.. 11.. 0

20 Foah Hart for Doctor Stuff 0.. 11.. 0

21 Fred^ Hyskill fot Tomhawks 2.. 15.. 0
22. John Ragen for Sundries 0.. 14.. 6

23 M^s Xnox for Sundries 0.. 19.. 10

24 John Conn for Shoes & Leather 1.. 6.. 9

25 Henry Tootwiler for Sundries 19.. 15.. 8

26 Sarah Johnston for Sundries 0.. 9.. 0

27 George Good for Horse hire 0.. 12.. 6

28 Elisabeth Blackburn for making hunting

shirts 0.. 15.. 0

29 Charles Hatrick for Sundries 1.. 1.. 6

30 Mich^ Fockler for Dieting Soi^iiPS 21.. 8.. 0

31 Sam^ Young for Sundries - 3.. 19.. 3

32 Stephen McCloskey for Shoes 6.. 10.. 0

163 MAEYIiAKD HISTORICAL KAGAZIKE.

33

John Ousten 1 Eifle Gun

4..

10..

0

34

Abraham Teetes 1 Eifle

5..

00..

0

35

Wild DO

5..

10..

0

36

Alex' McCiaUam Do

4..

15..

0

37

Thos McCuUam Do

4..

10..

0

38

Leonard Branar 2 Do

10..

10..

0

39

Sam' Davies 1 Rifle Gun & 20 y** Idnnen

8..

00..

0

40

Thos Macklefish 1 Eiflle

5..

15..

0

41

John Scott lor 60 j'^^ Linnen

4..

14..

0

42

John Miller 1 Rifle Gun

4..

16..

0

43

Henry Souer D°

4.

. 10.

0

44

Mcholas Hackay for Sundries

2..

13..

0

46

Peter Bell for Sundries

16..

10..

8

634..

7..

10

Tlie afregoing list is made out from Accounts laid before
us the Committee for the Upper District in Fred^ County in
the Province of Maryland, for necessaries furnished by sundry
Persons for the use of Capf^ John iffelson^s Company in the
Continental Service, which are attested & accepted by him, and
which we have Reasons to believe are justly due, with the ut-
most deference, by order of the Committee I am

most Obedient
Humible Serv*

To the Hon^e John Hancock Esq'^
President of the Continental Congress.

On Motion, that the Committee sit at Sharpsburgh, once in
three Times, the Committee concurs therewith.

The Committee adjourns untill the first Tuesday in May.

Tuesday May the 7*^ 1776

The Committee met B.eeorAm§ to adjoumm^t. —
Members present.

COMMITTEE OF OBSERVATIOI^^.

163

Coll Sam* Beale in the Chair

Coll Andrew Eench
Capt^ Joseph Chaplain
Maj^ Henry Shryock
Capt^ Conrad Hogmyer
Capt^ Sam^ Hughes
C^ptn Heyser

Capt^ John Cellar

Maj^ Charles Sweringham

MF George Swingle

J am^ Clark Continued as Clk

Coll John StuU

On Motion being made, that the following Enles be estab-
lished viz. that every Motion be made standing, addressed to the
Chair in decent Language and tinintermpted while delivering,
no personal Disputes and Reflections to pass in Committee. ITo
Question to be put and voted to, without on a Motion being
made and seconded, the Committee concurs therewith.

The Committee adjourns for an Hour.

The Committee met according to Adjournment.

Resolv'd that this Committee do take into their Considera-
tion the summons issued last Committee for the Appearance
of Sundry Persons before them this day, to shew cause why
they do not enroll and associate, and deliver up their arms, in
whieh the Committee concurred, and proceeded to examine the
Keturns made thereon when it appeared the sundry persons fol-
lowing had due notice accordingly, and were ealVd in Turn and
as such as have appeared have not or are not able to give any
satisfactory Reasons to this Committee why they did not or do
not Enroll and associate and deliver up their Arms, according
to the Eesolve of the late Convention in December last are
fin'd and proceeded against as foUoweth.

Then the Committee adjourns for half an Hour.

The Committee met according to Adjournment.
The Committee adjourns to the morrow, to meet at 9 0' Clock
A.M.

164

MARYLAND HISTORICAI. MAGAZINE.

SOME OLD BIBLE RICOEDS OF THE EMOEY
FAMILY OF MARYLim

WRAMCIB B. CULV35S

The following extracts are taken from an old Oxford Bible
(1728), in the possession of Mrs. J. Woodley Eichardson, of
Harford County, Maryland.

Thomas Lane Emory, Senior, was born in the year 1751 and
died 2 May 1828, aged 77 years.

Thomas Lane Emory, Jr., was bom in the year 1789 and died
in the year 1835, aged 46 years.

Thomas Lane Emory, Junior, was married by the Eev^
Bishop Kemp to Eliza Harwood Grant on the thirteenth of
June in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
fifteen.

Eliza Lindenberger Emory, first child of Thomas and Eliza,
was bom on Friday the 15*^ of Novanber 1816 at twenty min-
utes after three o'clock A. M.

George Lindenberger [Emory], second child of Thomas and
Eliza, was bom on Thursday the 7*^ of December 1820 at ten
minutes after 12 o'clock P. M.

Isabella Eebecca [Emory], second daughter of Thomas and
Eliza, was bom on Wednesday the 22^ of March 1822 at fifteen
minutes after twelve o'clock P. M.

Thomas iMne [Em^y], second s(m of Thomas and Eliza,
was bom on Friday the 25*^ of Nov^aber 1825 at 4 o'clock
P. M.

Daniel Grant [Emory], third son of Thomas and Eliza, was
bom on Thursday the 14*^ of Febraary 1828 at % before 5
o'clock P. M.

Thomas Lane Emory died on 2^ May 1828, aged 77 years.
Mary [Emory], sixth child and third daughter of Thomas
and Eliza, was bom 24*^ October 1831, about 12 o'clock A. M.

BIBLE EECOEDS OF THE EMORY FAMILY.

165

Thomas Lane Emory died on 5^ February, at 5 o'clock in the
evening, in the 46^^ year of his age.

Eliza Harwood Emory, widow of Thomas L. Emory died on
Tuesday 15**^ of June 1852, at 2 o'clock A. M. in the 57*^ year
of her age.

Daniel Grant [Emory], third son of Thomas and Eliza was
married at Glencoe, Baltimore County, on 2^^ of October 1855,
by Eev. D'' William E. Wyatt^ to Emma Kooali-ej daughtesr of
William J. Ward.

Emma Eosalie, their first child was bom 27 July. 1856, and
died 18 February 1858.

Lillian Grant, their second child was born 20 October 1858.

Emma Rosalie, wife of Daniel Grant, died 24 October 1858.

Thomas Lane, second son of Thomas L. and Eliza H. Emory,
died 28^ of October, 1863, in ITew Orleans, La.

Eliza Lindenberger Emory, eldest child of Thomas L. and
Eliza H. Emory, died 22 November 1863.

John Sanderson Price was married by Rev. Charles C. Graf-
ton at St, Paul's Church, Baltimore, 13 Oct. 1859, to Mary,
third daughter of Thomas L. and Eliza Harwood Emory.

Ezekiel Forman was married 24 January 1756 to Augustene
Marsh.

Oapt. John Emory, Jun., died 11^^ of January 1761, aged
six[ty] and three years, and was buried 14^^ of same month —
the text of his fimeral sermon was taken out of the 112*^
Psalm, 7*^ verse.

Daniel Grant died 29*^ of June 1816, in the 83^^ year of
his age.

166

MABYLAKB HISTOBlCAIi MAGAZINE.

EXTRACTS FROM THE CARROLL PAPERS.

(Continued from Vol. XII, p. 41.)

April 10th 1764, [109]
The 4*^ Ins* I Eeced y^s of the 27*^ of last Jan^y yrs of Octo :
11th ^sfov^ 12*^ Dec^ 1763 I answered by mine of Jan^y 9*^
10th & i6tli YeW 27th & 28th 1764: I beg you will always ack-
nowledge the Eeceit of my letters by mentioniner their Dates.
I wonder in particular you take no notice of mine of the 8th of
last July relating to the Arcadians & of Sept : 24th relating to
IVP Eeresby, you have too good a heart not to have done wt was
incumbent on you as to both, I must therefore attribute y^
silence to forge tfulness. As to y^^ of the 27th of last Jan^y, M'*
Bakers letter to you speaks him to be a man of sense & Hon^ :
I would not have you insist on a larger sum in hand with the
Lady than it may be convenient to him to lay down as he is will-
ing to pay Intert for the fortune he may agree to give his
Daughter until he can pay the principal & as he more over
promises at his Death to make his Daughter share equally his
Estate real & personal with his sons. I approve the general
Terms given to 31'' Baker, but take care tht by the Settlemt you
do not give a certainty for an uncertainty, tht tht Settlement
be not binding but in proportion to the Sum you may now or
hereafter receive with the Lady & tht ^ proper distinction be
made in the Settlement between the Jointure to be made for the
sum paid in hand or the Intert to be paid you annually on such
Sum & the Jointure to be made on wt may fall to you at il^
Baker's Death tht difference being very obvious. In this you
will make similar Cases the Rule to direct you. Considering
the Low Intert on our Funds I think 6 ^ Qt an ample settlemt :
especially if you sh^ have Issue by the Lady for I think a mother
sh^ as well as a Father contribute to the Establishmt of her
Children. But if Baker sh^ insist on 8 ^ Ct to make you
happy I consent to it. In mine of the 9th of Jan^ 17 64 I told

EXTBAOTS FBOM THE CAMOLJ. PAPERS,

167

you I was willing if the Lady's fortune could demand it to make
my whole fortune Liable to the scttlem* & jointure* This I con-
firm & I leave it entirely to you to act what is reasonable accord-
ing to the Advice of y^ friends. I proposed upon your coming
to Maryland to convey to you my manner of Carrollton 10000^
& the Addition thereto called Addition to Carrollton 2Y00^ now
producing annually £250 Ster^ & greatly improving as not nigh
haK of the 12700^ is let, & w* is let, is let to Tenants at will &
my share of the Iron Works producing at least Annually £400
SterS. If this sh^ not be deemed a sufficient settlem^ & Gift to
you & Security for the Lady^s Jointure I am willing to add on
my Death my manner of Doohoregan 10000^ & 1425^ called
Chance adjacent thereto, on w^^ seats the Bulk of my ifegroes
are settled.

If you sh^ marry Miss Baker & not have Issue Male by her I

think it would not be prudent to engage y^ Eieal Estate to Daugh-
ters as out of y^ personal Estate you may make a Settlem* on y^
Daughters proportioned to their mothers fortune. In case you
sh^ survive Miss Baker you will take care, not so to engage as to
lay y^self under unreasonable Covenants detrimental to y^
future ease & happiness. As I have said upon y^ return to
Maryland I will give you my Mannor of Carrollton & the Addi-
tion thereto & my share of the works I will also settle on you
my Manner of Doohoregan & Chance & the slaves thereon on my
Death. As you are my only Child you will of Course have all
the Residue of my Estate on my Death. In short to obviate as
much as it is in my power every objection & to hasten the Match
& y^ return to me w^^ I hope may be in the next fall, I hereby
bind myself to confirm by any Articles w^*^ may be sent me w^
I have engaged to do by this & my letter of the 9*^ of last JanT,
& I desire this & y^ Letter may be Lodged with M^ Baker or M^'
Tuite as a security for my so doing. If anything more sh^^ be
required from us w^^ you & those you may consult may think
reasonable to be done, I leave you at liberty to engage to do it,
& I think M^ Baker may confide in any Engagement you will
enter into as my whole Estate will fall to you at my Death.
I much approve the Comp* : you keep. I shall endeavour to

168

MARTLAJ^D HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.

oblige Hussey witli a Buck^ but I cannot absolutely promise
it, as I could not in the last Season procure for myself more
than two fine Haunches. I have presented y' Comp*® as desired.
I am well, but y^ Complaints give me pain. I hope they in a
great measure proceed from the Anxiety y'^ passion for Miss
Baker gives you. I wish a happy Issue to it & th* y' health may
be perfect & th* God will bless you in everything w*^^ may con-
tribute to y^ Temporal & Eternal wellfare. I am My
Charley Mo : Aff^e Father.

19 April 1164:. [110]

Papa

In my last by Kelly I acknowledged the receipt of y^ letter
of the 9 JanrJ". I wrote to M^ Baker upon the occasion & sent
him enclosed a copy of y^ letter what follows was the substance
of mine to that gentleman.

That as I had received y^ consent to pay my addresses to his
daughter, there now remained only two things to be settled : the
marriage settlement & the young ladys going to America, which
if she refused, or her Parents should have an objection to, I then
must lay aside all thoughts of the match: that if M^^ Baker
could not bare the thoughts of parting with her daughter, & was
determined not to part with her, it would be improper to intro-
duce me to the young lady, since it would be impossible, con-
trary to her mother's will to persuade Miss Baker to accompany
me to America : that tho^ it were possible I should not chuse to
persue my own happiness in opposition to a Parents will, nor
wish to succeed if my success should make that Parent re^hed
& unhappy.

M^ Baker returned no answer to my letter as he was upon the
point of coming to town when he received it. Upon his arrival
I waited on him to know his determination. He advised me to
return as soon as possible to Maryland, since you seemed so
desirous of my returning as it was very natural you should : his
daughter, he said, would be over in May or June: that if I
thought proper, I might see her, and if upon a further acquaint-
ance, we should like each other, I might return 3 or 4 years
hence (for that would be time enough) & marry his daughter :

EXTRACTS ITBOM TBCE QAMmijlj PAPERS. 169

he mentioned not one word about the settlem*, but I know he
thinks it insufficient, and indeed so does a lawyer of my ac-
quaintance with whom I talked upon that subject.

But had Baker had no other objection to the match but the
quantum of the settl* to be made on his daughter, he would have
had some conversation with me on that head : but I could plainly
see, by the above speech & by his manner^ that he was not very
desirous of its taking place: and I am sure I am not, upon the
condition of returning three or 4 years hence to Europe on a
wild goose chase. What certainty is there that the lady will
remain for 4 years of the same opinion or rather how probable
is it she will not ? I do not care to entangle myself in any such
engagement; in short I have dropt all thoughts of Miss Baker,
whom I wish extremely well to & married to a man worthy
of her.

I hope to be with you about the latter end of Sept^. I do not
chuse to arrive sooner in Maryland on account of the heats : the
remainder of my time here I shall spend in perfecting myself
in the practical part of surveying & making necessary prepara-
tions for my voyage. I have sent you over the American Act,
and a Pamphlet entitled consideration on the penal laws against
E-om : Catholicks : I sent by Lee Wards medicines & gave
him the instructions in writing for taking those medicines : I
have been indisposed all this last week with a cold attended with
a fever & cough : my f eaver is entirely gone off, there remains a
little cough : these colds are very rife at present : had it not been
for this indisposition I should have finished the journal of my
last Tour: as I only took short notes of things as I went along
to refresh my memory it requires time to enlarge them & to dis-
pose them in such order as may give some little entertainment
in the reading: If I cannot finish the Journal time enough to
send it by Hanson, I shall send it by some other ship or bring it
in with me. Pray present my compliments to my cousin Each :
Darnall & her daughter, to M.^ John Damall & Sons & to Rich :
Cfoxall. I am dear Father

most loving Son
Ch: Carroll.

170

KABYIiAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.

P. S. this letter was ready to go by Hanson : but M.^ Perkins
gave me no notice of his sailing : he told me indeed a week before
Hanson sailed, that he imagined he would sail in about a fort-
nights time: how easy was it for M'* Perkins to have sent me
word by a penny post letter or by his Servant that his ship was
ready to sail ? the only excuse for his neglelct is that he imagined
as I had wrote so lately by Kelty I had no letters or parcels to
send : I am not certain how this letter will go : perhaps by the
New York packet. Buchanan tells there is a ship going in a
fortnight: I shall send by the cap* of that ship ; the Pamphlets,
newspapers, & magazines; & my accounts.

1 May 1764. [Ill]

Papa

I wrote to you the 19 of last month and in that letter informed
you of my having laid aside all thoughts of Miss Baker: as that
letter may miscarry I shall here give you the substance of it.

When I communicated y^ letter to Baker, wether dissatis-
fied with the settlement you proposed to make or unwilling to
part with his daughter, he advised me to return as soon as possi-
ble : he added, to soften, I suppose this piece of advice, that if
upon a further acquaintance I continued to like his daughter,
& she me, that I might return to England 4 or 5 years hence :

By this you plainly see M^ Baker is averse to the match: is
it probable that a young lady will retain her affection 4 years
for a gentleman with whom she can be but slightly acquainted,
& from whom she will be separated by the Atlantick ? besides it
would be imprudent in me to enter into any such engagement :
I may meet with some young lady in Maryland whom I may
like, & in that case I should chuse to settle without loss of time :
the sooner, the better, for then I might live to bring up my chil-
dren: if I stay till I attain the age of 36, the chances of my
living so long, are against me as I am of a thin & puny habit
of body.

6 ^ C* is too slender a settlement : A Lawyer of my acquaint-
ance told me it was common to settle upon the wife at the rate

EXTRACTS FBOM THE CAREOLL PAPERS. 171

of 8 ^ & sometimes 10 : this holds where the wife brings
with her no very considerable fortune : but when her fortune is
large, it is then usual to settle part of her own fortune upon her.

I hope, Deo juvante, to be with you about the latter end of
Septb^. I am willing to perfect myself in the practical part
of surveying before my departure: besides, I am apprehensive
of the summer heats & am desirous of avoiding them in com-
ing in : I shall be gradually prepared for lie beat of the sum-
mer following.

I cannot get my Journal finished to send it by this oportuni-
ty: I have wrote out my Acco^ but find such a deficiency or
rather difference between my expenses & receipts that I am
ashamed to send them. I cannot otherwise account for this
great deficiency which which amounts to near £60 but by my
negligence, only my forgetting to set down regularly my ex-
penses: however the main articles of expense are all set down:
I shall bring them in with me, as also the aco* of what I spent
in my late tour thro' Holland & France.

I sent you by Lee Wards medicines & the directions for
taking of them: but as Lee may have lost these directions,
I shall here insert a copy of them:

for the fistula paste
Take the bigness of a nutmeg night & morning and two tea
spoonfuls of sweet oil immediately after, no visible operation,
to live as usual.

The dropsy powders ; one to be taken, every two days ; such
as have not taken them before, are to begin with half a powder
to be taken in a little mountain, after every operation drink
a little broth or water gruel, the less they drink the better.

this accompanys the magazines, newspapers, the American
Act, & the considerations on the penal laws against the Eo:
Cath: I desire my compliments to Mrs. Darnall, ]\P Darnall
& Sons, Eich : Croxall, & Harry Carroll. I am Papa

most affectionate loving Son
Ch: Carroll

5

1Y2

MABYLAJSD HISTOEICAL MAQAZIITB.

May 30, 1Y64 [112]

Dr Papa

This goes by Capt. Lewis I had same thoughts of sailing
with him, but could not get ready for the time of his depar-
ture ; and indeed if I could have been ready, I should not have
chose to have sailed so soon, as I should then have got in the
very midst of the hottest weather.

I have not as yet been able to go out into the fields to learn
the practice of surveying: Bateman the Surveyor, whom
Conley has recommended to me as the properest person for
my purpose, has been these 5 weeks past down in Surry: sev-
eral letters have been sent to him and as no answers have been
received, we imagine the letters have never been delivered: to
morrow I shall set out myself in quest of him, and if I have the
good luck to meet with him, I shall fix the time for his attend-
ing me. the usual & settled price is half a guinea a day and
Bateman is to find men to carry the staffs & chain & bear
their expenses: Conley thinks Bateman much preferable to
any other, as he has an easy & clear manner of expressing him-
self & communicating his ideas, and will take pains to make the
young Practioner well acquainted with the business.

Before this comes to hand, you will have learnt by mine of
the 19 April the issue of the intended match tis entirely broke
off, the mother could not bear to part with her daughter : I can
not say my disappointment gives me any great uneasiness; I
might perhaps have liked the young lady in time & upon a
farther acquaintance, but I knew too little of her to be in love.

If I can get a ship about 5 weeks hence bound to Maryland,
I shall certainly take my passage in her* I believe M'' Buchan-
an will bear me company. Should there be no vessel ready to
sail about that time I may perhaps sail in the 'New York packet
notwithstanding the inconveniences of such a round about
Voyage, for I am determined, if possible to be at Annapolis
in Sepf. this may be my last letter to you from London;
wishing you y'^ health and an happy meeting I am D'' Papa
most affectionate & dutiful son

Ch: Carroll

EXTRACTS PBOM THE CAKBOXL PAPEBS. l73

P. S.

Cap^ Lewis has got a little
packet for you containing my Journal

and the newspapers: Cap* Lewis has been very civil to me, I
desire you will return his civilities & if convenient invite him
to dine with you:

26 July 1764 [113]

Papa

I have at last pitched upon a ship : she is called the Ejandolph
Capt. Walker & sails for James River in Virginia: the Cap*
is not certain as to the time of his sailing hut imagines it will
be about the middle of September at farthest.

I shall leave behind me all my heavy Bagg^ to be shiped on
board of Hanson and only take with me my Cloaths :

I am much obliged to you for letting me settle at the rate of
8 ^ But that affair is entirely broken off nor do I chuse
to renew it^ tho' I had some time ago a very fair opening: but
the young lady has been bread up with very high notions not
at all answerable to her fortune, a domestick wife not so fond
of show and parade, who is not above the business of her family,
will best suit me: the mother is a vain empty woman, who
knows but the daughter may take after her^ I do not chuse
to run the risk.

I sent the letters & papers concerning the neutrals to the
Coffee house as directed : but as the Duke of Jfivernoro had left
London sometime before they came to hand and as most of the
differences between the two Courts were then compromised &
settled, I imagin all application from the poor neutrals will
meet with little or no success.

I shall call upon M'^ Sitwell before my departure & press
him to do something for Eeresby. Since my last I have
been down in Sussex with a Surveyor to Survey lands. I have
surveyed about 150 acres of which I kept a field book & have
since protracted my work on Paper I think I understand the
theory perfectly well, & a little more practice will make me
quite master of the business, I shall go out once more into the
the field with the Surveyor.

174

StABYLAKD HISTOMCAL MAGAZIIfE.

Crookshanks has been in town some time past: he was
under a necessity of leaving Paris when the last oath was ten-
dered to all Jesuites under the Jurisdiction of the Prosecut-
ing Parlia*^. all those who refused to take the oath were com-
pelled to leave the kingdom : the oath was of such a nature that
one only excepted, thought he could reconcile it to his con-
science: however all men thought it incompatible vdth his
honour & dispise him for his servile compliance: he was a man
of some eminence & had a large & extensive acquaintance with
the greatest families in Paris, who have since looked so very
cooly on him as to discountenance his coming to their houses.

Pompadours death it was imagined would occasion an altera-
tion of measures: but the same measures are persued & the same
men govern.

Crookshanks does me the pleasure to dine with me now
and then : he always enquires after you & expresses a great re-
gard for you, & I am convinced he is sincere in his expressions
of esteem & friendship : the arrets were not published when he
left France nor are they yet. I sent you some time ago the
most curious Pamplets in vindication of the Jesuites which I
hope you have long since received.

As to political news during the recess of Parliament you can-
not expect much : the minority still dine in AUbemarte Street :
I hear some complaints about their expensive dinners, but the
deliberations of the Senate do not transpire. I am of opinion
they will oust the present ministry dispised and hated as it
is by the greatest part of the nation: it requires great abili-
ties in the minister, if unpopular, to stand his ground long in
such a country as this.

I have nothing more to add at present but my compliments
to my friends whom I soon hope to enjoy: this will be my last
from London should nothing particular occur in the interim:
wishing that I may find you in perfect health I am Papa

affectionate & dutif uU
Son Ch: Carroll

EXTKACTS S'BOM THE CABKOLL PAPERS.

1Y5

Hampton 8 Decern^ 1764 [114]

Dr Papa

I arrived this day at this place in good health after a tedions
& stormy passage of a 11 weeks. We left Gravesend the 19
Sept^ & had the greatest prospect of making a short passage
till we got to Bermudas about the latter end of Oct^. We were
driven back by strong north west winds & tossed about the
whole nK)nih of Ifovem^ in so much we scarce made 100 leagues
in our way in 30 days.

I have brought all my bag^ with me, which is pretty con-
siderable: One Campbell a store keeper has also a cargo
aboard : I shall take the oportunity of shiping my bag^ on board
the vessel that is to carry his goods: we intend going up the
bay in her ourselves: it will require sometime to unship, dis-
charge the duties, & reship the goods when we have hired a
vessel : it will be I am afraid, near the end of the month before
I shall have the satisfaction & joy of embracing you. A Serv-
ant is just now going off to York & waits for this letter which
is the reason for its shortness. I am Papa
affectionate & dutiful Son

Ch. Carroll

P. S. I shall go to Norfolk to-morrow
or the day following.

Papa [115]
Mr Hinson is just going up the Bay I take this oportunity
to inform you I am well and shall sail from this place to-
morrow or the day following if the wind permits ; I arrived at
Hampton The 9 instant & wrote to you immediately at my
landing. We had a long passage of 11 weeks. I have been de-
tained here by waiting for a vessel to take two or 3 cargoes to
Annapolis & other places up the bay. I thought it a good opor-
tunity to convey my bag®- home. Hinson is upon the point
of sailing I hope to be with you next thursday at farthest.
I am

Y^ affectionate Son
Norfolk 20 Decen^>r 1Y64 Ch: Carroll

176

MAJKYLAND SISTOiaGAL MAGAZHOS.

10 Jan^ 1765 [116]

Papa

I sailed from old point comfort the 26 of last month in the
evening : before day we were opposite to the mouth of Potomack
& were driven back by a strong north west wind as far as the
souther most of the Tangier Islands, which with difficulty we
weathered & came to an anchor that night between those islands
& the eastern shore: the wind abating came to the southard
next morning & we proceeded up the sound with an intent of
passing thro' Hooper's or Cages streights: a Pilot we took on
board undertook to conduct us thro the latter but being unac-
quainted with the chanel he ran us aground by which unlucky
accident we lost nearly 24 hours of fair wind & I have been
deprived the satisfaction of being long since with you : the next
day^ there being a high tide the vessel Was got off but the wind
shifting to the north west we were detained 3 or 4 days in those
streights : at length we extricated ourselves & anchored last fry-
day morning off point lookout at the mouth of the Potowmack :
that evening we got underway : at 12 at night it began to snow
but the wind continued favourable : about 4 Saturday afternoon
the weather cleared up & we found ourselves not far from Pop-
lar Island: the wind began to head us & we were obliged to
run in between Kent & Poplar Islands where the vessel still
remains & is likely to remain as long as the frost continues. I
landed with some difficulty last Monday, on Kent Island & rode
to Sadlers where I was very hospitably entertained: I
arrived yesterday at Brownes where I now am, & have met
with the most friendly reception: I shall go over to M'^ Halls
to day, who has pressed me to make his home my home while I
continue on the eastern shore I was determined to go round the
bay: but Browne & Hall have persuaded me to drop
that -scheme as attended with a good deal of danger & as there
is a probability of my getting to Annapolis sooner by waiting
for a thaw. Hall has hired a man to convey this letter : I
thought this absolutely necessary as you must be under great
apprehensions on mj account if you have received my letter

EXTRACTS FROM THE CAEROLX PAPERS.

177

by Hinson who sailed from Norfolk 2 days before I left it : I
am in very good health but vexed at my being detained so long
from you & under great uneasiness from the anxiety I am sen-
sible you must feel for my safety: Pray remember me to my
Cousin Each : Damall & all my friends I am D'^ Papa

most affectionate Son

Ch: Carroll

[117]

I take this opportunity by M'^ Tylghman to inform you I am
well but out of all patience with the weather: I see no pros-
pect of the frost breaking up and am very apprehensive I shall
be detained a month longer on this side the Bay: the eastern
shore gentlemen have been very kind, I have been kept in con-
tinual exercise ever since my arrival in repaying visits : I have
visited Colonel Tylghman M^^ Blake at Wye, & have had an
invitation from Colonel Loyd: he wrote me a very, polite letter
by his eldest son, but there being then a prospect of a thaw; the
bad weather setting in since I have not as yet waited on the
Colonel & am doubtful wether I shall or not as his house is at
a considerable distance. I have no cloaths fit to appear in
by me.

Edward Tylghman has sent me an invitation to come &
see him: Eichard Tylgman, the colonel's son & Cook
will attend me to his house. The Messenger returned here last
Sunday night, he saw a man drowned in crossing Susquehanna :
he had a pistole a day by agreement. I thought it better to pay
the hire high as it was, than let you continue under the uneasi-
ness and doubt of my bring safe.

The vessel I came up the Bay in, lays within Kent point all
my books, cloaths, & other baggage are in her. Pray give my
compliments to all friends: and Mrs. Hall desire me to
present you with theirs. I am Papa

Affectionate Son

Ch: Carroll

25 Jan^, 1765.

178

MARYLAOT) HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.

[The Maryland Gazette of Thursday February 14, 1765,
has this notice; '^Tuesday last arrived at his Father's House
in Town, Charles Carroll Jun'r, Esq. (lately from London by
way of Virginia) after about sixteen years of absence from Ms
Native Country at his Studies and on his Travels."]

CHAS. CAEEOLL TO WILLIAM GEAVES.

23 Dec^ 1768 [120]

The Friendship you bear my Son (w^^ is Manifested by y^
Eemembrance of & Correspondence with him) leaves me no
roome to doubt a letter from me may be acceptable to you,
Especially as it will informe you that 'His Marriage was entierly
to my Satisfaction & that I think He has a well grounded pros-
pect of as much Happyness as Can be Hoped for in a Conubiall
State. My Daughter in Law is very agreable, she has a great
share of good sense^ a solid Judgement, she is strictly virtuous
& perfectly good natured. I speak not what it may be thought
I fondly wish my Character of Her is founded on a long & in-
timate Acquaintance: She has lived with me since she was 12
years old & in the Course of more than Seven years I have not
had reason to Chide Her. Dissimulation is not very Common
in youth, few at least at nineteen years are perfect in it. Have
I not then Reason again to tell you I think my Son will be
Extreamly Happy with His Lady. You must also know she
was entirely His owne Choice, He had not the most distaxit Hint
from me th* Miss Damall would make a good wife. They Can-
not want, If they are toUarable economists, for I have put my
son in Possession of at least £1000 Ster: p^ An™: He keeps
my Books & takes what money He Pleases He lives in my House
at Annapolis I am Retired to a very Pleasant Healthy Seat in
the Country where I employ myself in Farming, Planting,
Meadow Making &c Amus^mits very agreable to me, & vsten

CHAS* CAEEOLL TO WILLIAK GRAVES

179

I want money I call on my son to supply me. Yon know my
Son, I therefore shall say no more of him than that I am Happy
in Him & that He seems to be getting the better of a Ptiny Con-
stitution. In one of y^^ to him I think you advise him not
to Hoard, I think He should live so as to make a decent pro-
vision for younger Children & to leave the Estate to His Eldest
son as Entier & in as good Plight as I shall leave it to him,
for altho I see a large & independent Fortune will not make the
Possessor if of a mean & Servile temper independent, yet it must
make him inexcusable if He be not so. There is a great deal
of Private & Family Affairs, But I flatter myself they will in
some measure be interesting to you on my Sons Account.

As I have taken the freedom to write to you^ I must say some-
thing of Poor America, or rather of Poor England, for I am
persuaded if she persues the Steps she Has takm she will Have
Abundant Cause to Eue Her folly.

By Considerations the Farmers Letters &c you must see wee
know our Eights & that we want not P«ers to Assert them &
to Alarm us when they are Attacked.

The Stamp Act was A Eash & Inconsiderate measure and
very prudently dropt. But the Act past at the same time
declaring . . . instead of dissipating our Fears threat-
ened us with a Eenewall of unconstitutionall Attacks on our
Liberties & Properties. Those threats have been immediately
succeeded By Acts Establishing new officers among us & impos-
ing Duties on goods which we are not permitted to import from
any other Place But Great Britain.

As to the 1^* The Establishment of a Board of Trade, we all
Plainly see that it is done to Encrease a Parliamentary depend-
ance by the Creation of new Officers. To the same end are a
great number of Troops kept up in America, not to secure our
Conquests, for if that were the intention, why are troops em-
ployed elsewhere than among the Conquered ?

Is England or America most injured by the number of Civill
& Military Officers & troops among us? The first spend their
Sallaries, the other their pay in America, in this America is not

r

180 MAEYLANB HISTOEICAL MAGAZOTE.

injured: But if the Establisliment of unnecessary Officers, if
the support of useless troops Creates a Servil and unconstitu-
tional! dependence in the House of Oonamons in England, is not
England the greatest sufferer by the Measure?

As to the 2^ The imposition of new duties, It may be urged
that the Board of Trade at Boston is Appointed to prevent
smugling & to secure the duties laid by Acts of Parliament.
Does the Board of Trade, the Commissioners of the Customs,
the numberless tribes of Tide waiters Land waiters searches
A IsTavy of Sloops Cutters & Custom House Boates &c &c Pre-
vent Smugling in England ? If not, will a Board of Trade in
Boston or in Every Colony prevent smugling in America.
Trade in its Nature is free, it is a maxim which I will sup-
port by the following Tale which I read long since but in what
Author I Cannot recollect The Dutch when Contending with
Spain for Liberty, Prohibited by a Severe Placart the Furnish-
ing the Spaniards with Navall or Military Stores. A Dutch-
mann was Caught Transgressing & Oalled to an Acct. for it.
His defence was th* Trade in its nature was free & open to all
Mankind & that if He Could see a Prospect of Great gain by
a Voyage to Hell, He would Venture the singeing of His sails.

I will not S^ Attempt to Prove th* the Parliament Cannot
Consistently with the Constitution, our Eights and Liberties
tax us. That I apprehend to be done demonstratively by the
Author of the Considerations & the Parmer, I have not seen
that their Keasoning hm hem Attempted to be Answered, if
Attempted, no such answer has Beached me.

I think there are many strong Arguments to be Derived from
Prudence & Policy which should in my Humble Opinion induce
Great Britain not to Attempt to tax us.

By what is generally asserted on y^ side the water you are
beat out of all Trade to all Places Except to y^ Colonies by
being undersold in Every f orreign Market by y^ Eivalls in
Trade. If this be so it is immateriall to me to Enquier whether
it be owing to the weight of y^ Taxes on the Luxury or high
Price of the labour of y^ Poor Manufacturers.

CHAS. CAEROI.I. TO WILI.IAM GRAVES

181

But under these Circumstances if Colonies be Chief y^
only Valuable Customers, is it Prudent is it Politick to drive
them from you ?

Every duty imposed on the goods you send us Opperates
Apparently as a Bounty & Encouragement to us to Manufac-
ture th* Species of Goods.

That we Can Manufacture all goods w^^ you Manufacture
is undoubted, & th* you will force us to do so by Present Meas-
ures is Certain, Interest tho a strong is not the strongest motive
to incite us to Manufacture; Eesentment a Conviction of the
injustice with which we are treated, y^ not Answering y^ slight-
ing our legall Constitution all applications to the Crowne for
Redress A view of the Chains you have imposed, y^ Seeming
Determination to Eivet them on us will Compell us to
Manufacture.

Eage & Kesentment operate beyond all imagination more
forceably than interest, but when united Can they fail of pro-
ducing the Effect w^^ you ought to dread ?

Surprising & Astonishing was y^ progress of Manufacture
Here Especially in the WoUen & Linnen Branches upon the
passing the Stamp Act. The repeal of th* Act gave a great
Check to th™. But th^ axe reassurred not with a noisy &
Ostentatious Parade, But w*^ a sullen Resentment & deter-
mined Resolution never more to abandon them. At th* time
I manufactured a Sute of Cloathes for myself I wore it to incite
others to follow my Example : I dropt my Manufacture & laid
aside my Cloaths upon the repeal of the Stamp Act. I have
this year Built a Commodious House for as many Manufactu-
rers as will be able to Cloath between three & four Hundred
Slaves.

With Contempt we read the silly & inflamatory Articles in
many of y^ News Papers giving Acc*^ of the factious state &
inclinations of the Americans to Break tiie Happy Connection,
which has Hitherto subsisted between them & their mother
Country, & we Pity the Credulity of those who Have sent troops
hither to Compell us to Obedience if their fears have been

182

MAEYLAND HISTOBICAI. MAGAZINE.

feigned. I leave you to find an Epithet which may set their
duplicity in the most tedious light for I cannot recollect one.
Could they not distinguish between a steady & determined Reso-
lution to Maintain our Eights & Eebellion ? Any measure de-
viating from a stupid passive Obedience to unconstitutionall
measures was by such weak Heads deemed a Eebellion There
is a very wide distance Between Murmuring Complaining Pe-
titioning & Remonstrating & Rebellion. I should think men
who Have been Accustomed to the frequent tumults & insurrec-
tions of Tinners Colliers Cole Heavers Weavers & Sailors should
not be frighted out of their sense* at two or three trifling Mobs
of the Boys & Rabble of Boston.

America is sensible it is not yet time for Her Wantonly to
have recourse to the Ultima Ratio Regum, However Grieviously
Provoked she Has Appealed to Her Sovereign to the Laws to
the Constitution, on these she Relys for the Protection of Her
Rights & Liberties, should that Relyance be frustrated (which
the suppresion of our Legislatures & many other Rash & Bold
steps on y^ side seem to indicate) we Have it thank God in
our Power to Bring you to Reason By the easy legall means of
manufacturing & taking nothing from you unessentiall to our
Existence. Perhaps many may do more & follow the Dutdi-
man's Example by takeing nothing from you which by any
means may be had Cheaper from any other Quarter.

We have been informed th* the Different applications of our
Colonies to the King have not only been slighted But that they
have not been suffered to be Presented. Is it possible ? Have
we not a right to Petition & to be Heared ?
' Our Legislatures are threstned to be suppressed. That of
Boston is suppressed for not Complying with a Ministerial!
Mandate.

Would any Minister dare to tell an English House of Com-
mons that they should not be sufiFered to moet that they should
be dissolved unless they Complyed with measures dictated by
them? Have we not as undoubted a Right to Legislation in
our severall Provinces as you have in England ? would a Min-

CHAS. CAEROLL TO WILLIAM GRAVES

183

ister dare to treat us in so imperious a Maimer if He was not
assured of impunity? Would He not treat you in the same
mann^ Could He do it with the same Security? We cannot
think you are Kealy anxious to preserve y^ owne Eights while
you tamely see those of y'^ fellow subjects so flagitiously in-
vaded. Are not such steps as distant as Heaven & Earth from
justice ? If they are ought they not in prudmce & good PoUicy
to be not only dropt & disavowed, But severely Censured by
an upright British House of Commons ?

Nations as well as individuals are Subject to persist in wrong
Measures, it is deemed a Weakness, it is thought dishonorable
it mortifies our pride & self Conceit to retract & Acknowledge
an Error, in vain does the injustice of the Action stare us in
the face or sober Reason Condem it.

Should the Colonies by necessity be forced into a Counter-
band Trade, Considering the vast Extent of our Sea Coast our
numberless Navigable Gulphs Bays Rivers inlets & Creeks will
it be possible for Great Britain to suppress it? What she in
Vain Attempts at Home, will she be able to performe at such
a distance? Trade is of a very delicate nature, it may by
imprudent measures be forced out of its old Channell, But it
may prove impossible to bring it back.

Cast y^ Eye on a Map of America Consider the immense un-
peopled tract, Consider the prodigious Rapidity with which
it is setling will England in time to Come be able to Compell
such an immense Country Peopled by miriads to submit to
Arbitrary Laws on despotic ministeriall orders.

Cast y^ Eye again, on the Map of America Contemplate that
part of it allready Peopled with (in my Opinion) 4 million of
Souls, should they be forced by ill Policy to Resistance & in
time to Come th* may be the Case & should it be the Case, will
it be easy, will it not be almost unpracticable to keep such num-
bers and such an Extent of Oountry in due Obedience.

Look on the inconsiderable spot which Constitutes the Seven
United Provinces. The People of that Spot Baffled the Power
of the House of Austria & shook of the Spanish Yoke. It is

184

MAEYLAISD HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.

true France assisted them England assisted them. Should Eng-
lish America be ever unfortiinately forced to take up Arms &
be unable of HerseK to Vindicate her freedom, will not France
Spain & even the Dutch Lend Her a Helping hand? Should
such an Event be in the Wombe of Time what A figure will
England Make bereaved of so much of Her Power and Trade.

The Pretexts on side the Water for taxing America, are
the Expence incurred in the last war by defending us, the Con-
tinued Expence of a standing Army for our Protection, y'^ Heavy
taxed & insupportable ITationall Debt.

It is Certain we wanted no Protection ag* the insignificant
Colony of Quebeck, we did ag* France. France Attacked us to
Encrease Her Power & withdraw our trade from England.
England supported us to Preserve Her Power & Trade self in-
terest was Her view & only view. Our preseat treatment is a
proof of Her Tenderness towards us ;

Why are you at the Continued Expense of maintaining
standing forces among us. They are Hateful! in our Eyes &
looked upon by us as the Harbingers of Despotism : They ought
to be HatefuU to you, as they Increase ministeriall influence by
giving an undue & additional Power to the Crowne. If Forces
in America are necessary they Can be only so in the Con-
quered Colonies, if it be profitable to England to secure the
Possession of those Colonies England ought to be at the Ex-
pense of the troops necessary to secure the Possession of them,
for Qui sentit Commodum sentire debet et onus.

As to Taxes & Wationall Debt, that they are not both les-
sened is due to y^ Corruption. The Debt gives a too irresistable
Power & influence to the Crown & ministers for them to wish
it diminished. While it subsists it is vain to Expect a Diminu-
tion of taxes. America Contributed more than Her share to
the Expences of the War Here, she Contributes more than Her
share to y^ Taxes by the Consumption of y' Manufactures.

Do you apply to us as Beggars, shew th* you are reall objects
of Charity. Supposing a Drunken profligate able Bodied
Sturdy Beggar should apply to you for an Alms would you be-

CHAS. CARROLL TO WILLIAM GRAVES

185

stow it? When we see Princely Estates suddenly made by
Contractors &c wlien we see numberless Sine cure Offices of
immense Annuall Value Held, when we see great & unmeritted
Pensions with out number bestowed to the 3^ & Generation
Can you Expect that we Can be prevailed on to Gratify y^
Cravings or Contribute to y^ Profusion.

What must be the end of this shameless long Continued Want
of Honour publick spirit & Patriotism. Will not y^ Profligacy
Corruption & versatility sink you into Anarchy & destruction.
All States labouring under the same Vices Have met with the
fate which will be y^ lot: That fate is impending it Cannot
be far off ; The Same Causes will ever produce similar Effects.

If I have given a true Picture of y^ present state & I think
I have without hightning the Oculars or strengthning the Fea-
tures (if y^ Dayly Papers Periodicall & Occasionall Pamphlets
deserve the least Credit) are you not A people devoted to & on
the Brink of destruction.

I Began to be Acquainted with the world in the year 1720
memorable by the Ruin of not only the unthinking adventurers
in the South Sea stock But of numberless widows Helpless
Minors & innocent infants : A year infamous to some very great
Personages if it be true that they Profited immensely by the
Cheats. Soon after S^ Eob*^ Walpole was made primier He Ke-
duced Corruption into a Regular Sistem which since His time
to the Present Period has been improved & founded on so Broad
& solid a Basis as to threaten the Constitution with immediate
Ruin & allready to have left to the People little more than the
Appearance of Liberty Oould the Transactions of the Period
I mention be exposed to Publick view would they not Excite
Horror & detestation. If no roomc is left to the Present gene-
ration to improve in Corruption, they Have in faction Aetas
pejor Iparentum] Avis & I may with out pretending to be a
prophet venture to say mox datura progeniem Vitiosiorem.

I am sensible S^ I have said little or nothing but what
must have occurred to you or to any Gent: of Reflection, But
it is with the deepest Concern I have said it & with this Morti-

186

MAEYLAISTD HISTORICAL MAGAZIKE.

fying Conviction that what I have said & all that more may be
said on so Interesting a Subject will not be of the least avail.
The Evill is so inveterate as not be Eradicated by Eeason Ense
recidendum est for the state of Anarchy you seem to be in
gives me grounds to fear the Constitution Cannot be supported
by any others means than the sword. America has little roome
to Hope that A People so regardless of their owne Liberty
should be Attentive to Preserve Hers nor Have I the Vanity to
think anything I have said Can or will Have the least Effect,
for Altho you Have the Honour to be in a Publick Station Jacta
est Alea, Our fate will be decided at least for a time before this
will reach you.

In y^s of Aprill the 3^ 1766 to my son, you write as follows.
The Foreign states that Constitute a part of the British Empire,
that is Ireland & America Belong to the British Commonwealth,
that is to the King Lords & Commons.

Pray S^ pardon me if I Call in Question the Propriety of
th* Position. I Believe it would be flatly denyed by Ireland &
that if you attempted to tax them, you would not find so duti-
fuU an opposition, as has been persued by America. They
would Hardly supplicate, you would Hear the Thunder of the
Irish Lords & Commons.

If you Have no more right to tax us than you Have to tax
Ireland, why do you do it ? Is it because you think we Cannot
resist ? That would be acting like a Bully who swaggers when
He is sure of Comeing of with whole Bones.

sentiment is quite new to me, nor Can I Recollect that I
have ever met with anything Similar to it in any of Our His-
tories or other tracts which have fell into my hands Antecedent
to the Present Controversy Between England & its Colonies.

I never understood the Lords & Commons of England Claimed
any Dominion Their Province I have always Conceived was
to advise the Crowne^ watch over & Guard th^r owne & Con-
stituents Rights & Liberties, Grant their money. Bring Great
Delinquents to Justice, Enact Laws &c.

I look upon our Legislations to be every way similar to yours
& that the <mly difference betw©^ ihmi Consists in y'^ superior

THE POTTSB's I*IEILD.

187

Power (understood as force) & opulence. We are not Ctertainly
the subjects of subjects. Our Constitutional! dependence on
the Crowne is suflSciently & Effectually secured by its Appoint-
ment of Governors & all other Officers Civill & Military by a
Controul on the Laws passed by our Aiasemblies.

mode of Expression in my poor Opinion^ Could not at
any time be made use of with Propriety But under Cromwells
Usurpation^ or in Case of a Change in the Constitution from
A monarchicall to a Republican forme, then the Majesty of
People the Dominion of the People might be properly Asserted.

When I sat downe to write to you I little thought my letter
would have run into such a length, it is not wrote with a view
of Drawing an answer from you, it would be presuming too
much, & Considering y^ occupations the task would be un-
reasonable.

If in any Part of it I have expressed myself with too much
Acrimony Pardon it : you see an old man may be warmed by a
love of Liberty & of His Country, th* Love I have will recom-
mend me to y^ Esteem which I sincerely Covet being very truly

D^S^ Yi'Mo:obed*:&

Mo: Hum: Serv*
C: C:

THE POTTER'S FIELD.

In the year 1785, Col. John Eager Howard and George Lux
presented to the Commissioners of Baltimore-Town a lot of
ground on the west side of the town " to be used as a place of
common interment for strangers, poor people and negroeis,
who shall die in the said town." The conveyance was author-
ized by Chapter 37 of the Acts of Assembly of 1785, passed
March 2, 1786 ; but no record of this transfer has been found.

6

188

MARYLAND HISTORICAI. MAGAZINE.

The following notices and adv^isements fram The Baltimore
Daily Bepository will doubtless seem surprising to many, but
they show clearly the need of this charitable " enterprise.

To the Inhabitants of Baltimore-Town and Fells Point

Whereas it has hitherto been a practice amongst the poorer
class of people, and people of color, to BURY their deceased
relations and Acquaintances, in several of the different Streets
and Allies of this town — ^the Special Commissioners of the town
aforesaid, having reflected on the circumstance, consider it a
practice indecent and highly injurious to the said streets and
allies so interred on, and believe it necessary to give this public
notice, requesting the Inhabitants of said Town and Point to
prevent, as much as possible, the like custom in future, as it is
evident that most, or all the corpse[s], so interred, must be
removed when the said streets and allies come to be regulated.

Baltimore, December 20, 1792.
Mr. Graham,

Having observed, in the Baltimore Daily Repository, the pub-
lication of the Special Commissioners, respecting the long fre-
quented practice of interring corps in a number of streets and
allies of Baltimoretown, and the necessity they are under of
endeavoring to prevent the like custom in future, I am induced
to make the following remarks:

It appears that the Town of Baltimore contains by compu-
tation, near 20,000 inhabitants, numbers of whom are members
of no religious domination, and but in low circumstances, which

John Mickle,
James Wignal,

John Hillen,
John Brown,
Jos. Townsend,
Joseph Biass,
John Coulter.

Special Commis-

sioners.

THE POTTKR's MBLB.

18©

prevent their deceased femng admitted in the burying grounds
of the several different religious societies; and as they are re-
fused the privilege of interring on private property, are obliged
to have recourse to the public highways, for that purpose.

It is cause of public admiration, that so populous a place as
Baltimore^ and the well-known generous and humane dispo-
sition of a large number of its inhabitants, should not be pro-
vided with what is termed a PoUersfield; but as that is not
known to be the case, would it not be expedient for the subject
to come under early consideration of the several different socie-
ties to make that necessary provision, as would effectually rem-
edy the inconvraiaiiie complained of by the Special Commis-
sioners ?

A Friend to Decency and Humanity.
December 25, 1792.

Baltimore, January 15, I7a3.

The Inhabitants of Baltimore-Town and rEiiL''s Point^ who
wish to promote a POTTER'S FIELD, for the use of said
Town and Point, are requested to meet at Mr. Starck's Tavern,
TOMORROW EVENING at Six o'clock, in order to adopt
such measures as will effect so charitable a purpose.

It is expected that a number of each religious denomination
will be careful to attend.

[January 17] At a Meeting of sundry Inhabitants, at Mr.
John Starck's, in Consequence of Notice given in the News-
papers, for the Purpose of providing a Piece of Ground for a
Potter's Field — the following Persons were appointed a Com-
mittee, to receive Proposals from any Persons willing to dis-
pose of a Piece of Ground suitable for the Purpose, viz., George
Presstrmn, J oseph Townsend^ Thomas Dickson, Thomas J ohn-
son, Isaac Griest, George Grundy, and / ohn Hillen; — and also,
to lay such Proposals before the next Meeting, which is to be
held at Mr. Starck's, on IHIDAT EVENING, the 25th In-

190

MAEYLAND HISTOEIOAL MAGAZIICB.

stant, at 6 o'clock — ^wlien every Citizen disposed to promote so
laudable an Undertaking, is earnestly requested to attend.

January 25. At a Meeting of sundry Inhabitants of Balti-
more-Town and Feirs Point last Evening^ at Mr. Starck's Tav-
ern, in Consequence of tbe Eequest of tbe Committee appointed
to receive Proposals for the Purchase of a Potter's Field —
having received the report of said Committee, and agreed to a
Purchase of a Piece of Grround for that Purpose, lying on the
north Side of Hampstead-Hill, on Market-street, leading from
Fell's Point, do now recommend to every Citizen to be liberal
in their Contributions on this Occasion ; and to pay the Same
into the Hands of the following Gentlemen, who are appointed
to receive them, and procure Materials to enclose the Ground
with a suitable Post and Eail Fence, viz.

James Edwards,
Isaac Griest,

William Trimble,
John Brown, Potter,

Jacob Myers,
Joseph Townsend,

William Wilson,
John Hillen,
George Grundy,

George Presstman,
John Mickle,

James Carey,
Elisha Tyson.

For Feirs Point.

For Old-Town.

West of Jones' Falls to
South-street.

From South-street to
Charl^g-street.

West of Charles-street.

April 15, 1Y93. The Inhabitants of Baltimore-Town and Fell's
Point, are now respectfully, informed, that, through the liberal
contributions of a number of them, a suitable piece of ground,
lying on the north side of Hampstead-hill, has been purchased,
for the purpoee of Potters-fieldj which is now in readiness for

PaOCEEDINGS OF THE ^OCIETT.

191

the reception of such objects, as come uiider the notice of the
said institution. — ^Application for admittance, to be made to
Isaac Geiest^ Esq. and Doctor John Ooultee, of EelFs Point
and Joseph Townsend, for Baltimore-Town, who are appointed
to superintend the same.

There appearing a necessity for another purchase to be made,
for the aforesaid purpose, to accommodate the inhabitants of
the west end of the town, as well as to inclose both lots with a
suitable fence, it is earnestly requested, that such citizens who
have not yet contributed towards this charitable purpose, would
pay their subscriptions into the hands of the collectors, hereto-
fore appointed to receive them.

March 12th, 1917. — The regular monthly meeting of the
Society was called to order at 8.30 p. m., with President War-
field in the chair.

The following persons were elected to active membership :

To Associate membership : Mr. G. 0. Davies

Under the head of necrology, the Recording Secretary re-
ported that on February 13th, 1917, Mr. Peter Lesley Hopper
of Havre de Grace, Maryland, died. Mr. Hopper was elected
March 16th, 1892. On February 15th, 1917, Mr. Edward F.
Arthurs of Baltimore, died. Mr. Arthurs was elected March
18th, 1899.

An interesting feature of the evening was the presentation
by the Daughters of the American Revolution, through Rev.
Dr. Henry Branch, of a copy of the Early Settlers of Mary-
land, which had been prepared at^reat e^emse by the Daughters

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY.

Mrs. Charles Marshall
Miss Amelia MuUer

Mr. Charles C. Caldwell
Mrs. Letitia Pennell Wilson

192

Jk£ABYIiAm> HISTOBICAIi MMMRflJ.

of the American Revolution for presentation to tlie Maryland
Historical Society.

Dr. Brancli re|(»red to the splendid work which the Daugh-
ters of the American Revolution and the Maryland Historical
Society are doing in collecting and preserving the records of
Maryland and in inculcating a spirit of respect and affection
for the history of our state. Governor Warfield on behalf of
the Society accepted the gift from the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution, and spoke in glowing terms of the valuable
work done by the Daughters of the American Revolution, " the
greatest," he said, " of our patriotic societies."

Mrs. Sipple in response ventured the statement that if the
use of the book will give the Society as much pleasure as the
presentation of it has given the Daughters of the American
Revolution, the latter would be amply repaid.

Mr. Spencer called attention to important gifts to the Society
during the past month, and especially to the muster roll of the
Revolutionary War, presented by Messrs. L. C. and IST. Lee
Goldsborough. This muster roll and various other rolls in the
possession of the Society were referred to the Publication Com-
mittee for their consideration.

Dr. Henry Barton Jacobs presented a letter from J. Mason
Campbell, written in January, 1860, and dealing with the
political situation of the times.

The paper of the evening was then presented by M. G. C,
Davies, entitled, Robert Smith and the Navy." The work of
Robert Smith as Secretary of the Navy under J efferson in the
upbuilding of the American Navy and especially in reference
to the effective means taken in dealing with the Barbary States,
was related in a graphic and interesting way by Mr. Davies.
In doing so he stated that Robert Smith had practically founded
the American Navy, and that he considered the achievement
all the more wonderful in view of the powerful opposition of
Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury, and in spite of Jefferson's
desires for economy. His description of the brilliant achieve-

PBOCEBDINGS OF THE SOGIETT.

1»3

ments of Decatur, Trippe and other American officers, were
interesting in an unusual degree. General Trippe, on behalf
of the Society, offered a vote of thanks to Mr. Davies. This
was passed unanimously.

At ten o'clock the meeting adjourned.

April dth, 1917. — The regular monthly meeting of the So-
ciety was called to order at 8.30 p. m., with President Warfield
in the chair.

A most interesting feature of the meeting was the presenta-
tion by the Colonel Nicholas Kuxton Moore Society, Children
of the American Revolution, through their President, Mrs. 'N.
L. Dashiell, of a very large United States Flag. The flag was
unfurled by Master Lindsay Taliaferro, assisted by the fol-
lowing:

Miss Elinor A. Taylor Miss Alice Taliaferro

Miss Virginia Turner Miss Isabella Staub

Miss Eleanor M. Dashiell Master Lindsay Taliaferro
Miss Mary Leeke Dashiell Master John Staub
Miss Margaret Luckett

Mrs. Dashiell spoke as follows:

"It is my pleasure, and on behalf of the Colonel Nicholas
Ruxton Moore Society, Children of the American Revolution,
I present to the Maryland Historical Society, this United
States Flag — ^Long May it Wave — o'er the land of the free and
the home of the brave."

After the singing of the Star-Spangled Banner, President War-
field accepted the flag in the name of the Society, dwelling upon
the very great pleasure which this gift afforded to the Society.

The following motion was offered by Mr. Richard H. Spencer,
which was passed by a standing vote :

" That a vote of thanks be given to the Colonel Nicho-
las Ruxton Moore Society, Children of the American

194

KABYI*AI^D SISTOBICAL KAGAZIIffE.

Eevolution for the beautiful TTnited States Flag pre-
sented to the Society this evening."

An interesting addition to the cabinet was a portrait of Eev.
Dr. George W. Burnap, which was presented through Judge
Stockbridge.

The following were elected to active membership :

Mr. Arthur W. Machen, Jr.
Mr. E. C. Ballard Thruston
Mr. F. H, Gardner

Mrs. Mary Fernandez de Velasco Stump

Under the head of necrology, Eecording Secretary Eadcliffe
announced that on March 25th, 1917, Oolonel Charles Chaille
Long died. He had been elected a corresponding member in
1897.

On March 16th, 1917, Dr. Clothworthy Birnie died. He
was elected an active member on November 14th, 1892.

The Sociely then had the pleasure of listening to a very in-
teresting pap^ by Mr. Daniel E. Eandall, entitled " Old Mary-
land Olubs." Mr. Eandall gave a most interesting description
of some of the old clubs in and about Annapolis and especially
the Soutii Eiver Club, the oldest club in the county, the Tuesday
and the Forensic Clubs.

May IMhj 1917. — The regular monthly meeting of the So-
ciety was called to order at 8.45 p. m., with President Warfield
in the chair.

Mr. Eichard M. Duvall acted as Secretary of the meeting in
the absence of Mr. George L. Eadcliffe.

Among the donations to the library was a framed colored
print entitled The Stars and Stripes giving the history of
the United States flag, presented by President Warfield; Mr.
Wm. Beers of the Howard Memorial Library, New Orleans,

PROCEEDIITGS OF THE SOCrETY.

19§

presented several pieces of sheet music, some of which were
published in Baltimore ; Hon. W. Hall Harris presented a vol-
ume of the Baltimore Daily Repository/' 1Y92-3.

The Peabody Institute deposited some letters and newspaper
accounts of the annual dinners of the Maryland Historical So-
ciety for the years 1860, 1861, 1862, and 1853.

The following persons were elected to active membership.*

Miss Inez H. Osborne Miss Varina J. Oorbaley

Mr. James Carey, Jr. Miss Mary Gilson Koontz

Mr. Edward A. Oockey Miss Margaret A. Steele

Dr. Steiner reported the deposit of the Laws of Maryland,
under the Act of General Assembly of 1885 as follows:

Liber H. S. No. 1—1753-1768 Laws

(Liber E. G. No. 1769-1774) Laws

(Liber G. E. No. 1777-1778) Laws

Dr. Steiner explained that these laws were looked upon as
lost, and for that reason they do not appear in the published
archives ; but those that were omitted would appear in Volume
35,

Mr. Dielman, Chairman of the Library Committee, stated
that some of the Committee visited the Pratt House and made
an inspection of the premises. Am|ie provision is made in the
new building for all of the service requirements of the Society,
except that of the general meeting room, and that the Com-
mittee was unable to suggest any me for the rooms, other than
as Chapter Eooms for the various patriotic and genealogical
societies; and possibly for committee rooms for our standing
committees and for a book bindery. One room on the main
floor might he set aside as the office of the Secretary of lihe
Society.

Liber L
Liber L
Liber BL. C.

No. 4—1711-1723 Laws
No. 5—1724-1731 Laws
— 1'731-1762 Laws

196

MARTLAWD MlBTOmOAL MAj&AZmm,

The President was, on motion duly made and seconded, au-
thorized to appoint a committee of six, with himself as a mem-
ber ex-ofl&cio, with full power to consult with the architects on
finishing some of the rooms in the Pratt building, and to make
arrangements for moving flie library and gallery of the Society
to the new huilding.

The President named as the Committee the following:

Henry Stockbridge, J. Appleton Wilson, L. 05. Dielman,
Ruxton Kidgely, Bernard C. Steiner.

The Society then had the pleasure of listening to a very in-
teresting paper by Dr. B. 0. Steiner entitled "Unpublished
Maryland History from Fulham Palace,'' published in this
issue of the Marylmd Historical Magazine,

NOTES.

Matthew Page Andrews, A. M., a member of the Society,
has recently written a text book for schools, entitled " United
States History for Young Americans," which is attractively
published by Lippincott in a duodecimo volume (pp. 368 + 48).
It carries the history down to the b^iming of 1916 and is
well illustrated.

Marylanders have sufficient interest in the descendants of
Sir Robert Eden, lajst Governor of the Province and first Baron-
et of Maryland, to make a statement of the recent bereavements
of that family fitting for the pages of this Magazine. Sir
William Eden, Seventh Baronet of West Auchland and fifth
Baronet of Maryland, died in the early part of 1915. His
eldest son and heir, John Eden, predeceased him, being killed
in 1914, while serving as Lieutenant of Lancers, " Somewhere
in France." The second son, who succeeded to the baroaetcies,

KOTES.

197

Sir Timotliy Calvert Eden, was in Germany at the beginning
of the Great War and was held in a detention camp for many
months, being finally released with impaired health. The third
son, Robert Anthony Eden, the heir presumptive to the baron-
etcies is a Lieutenant in the King's Eoyal Eifie Corps and the
fourth and youngest son, William Nicholas Eden, was slain
while serving at the age of sixteen as a Midshipman in the
Eoyal Navy, in the battle of Horn Eeef or Jutland Bank in
1916.

The Catholic Historical Review, VoL 3, p. 72, contains an
interesting item by Eev. J. Hungerford Pollen, S. J., Balti-
more House near Tisbury, Wiltshire, England." The article
is accompanied by a half-tone illustration of the house, and
a ground plan of the building, together with a description of
the house and details of changes made from the original plan.

The so-called " Early Settlers " list, being a record of the
names of certain settlers in the Province of Maryland prior to
1680, is an alphabetically arranged list of names, comprised
within two large manuscript volumes, preserved in the Land
Commissioner's oflSce at Annapolis.

This list was compiled by one of the clerks of the Land office
a few years ago from certain original records and from other
records which are regarded as copies of the original. How-
ever, the list is by no means,complete.

The two volumes of " Early Settlers on file in the Land
Commissioner's office are indices to Libers AB - H, Q and 4
to 20 inclusive. Volumes 1, 2 and 3 are not included in this
list, because these volumes were not accessible to the clerk at
the time of his compilation. Besides these, there are to be
found still other names of settlers in the Provincial Court Pro-
ceedings prior to 1680, and in the Testamentary Proceedings
prior to 1680, as well as in the Early Eent EoU for St. Mary's,

198

MARYJJlKD HISTOKICAI. MAaikZHTE.

Calvert, Charles and Isle of Kent counties. It is hoped that
these additional names may be added in the near future.

Fbajstcis B. C1J1.VEK.

It will interest the numerous descendants of the Hammond
and Howard families of Anne Arundel County, Maryland, to
learn that the armorial seals, used by those families in early
colonial times are still preserved, and the writer has made
copies of them from the records. The authenticity of the arms
being thus established, it will be possible, through further re-
search, to settle the mooted question as to the origin of these
two celebrated Maryland families,

Francis B. Culvek.

The Revolutionary number of the National Genealogical
Society Quarterly (Vol. 6, No. 1), issued April, 1917, is very
largely devoted to the publication of Maryland items, notably
to lists of those who subscribed to the oaths of Fidelity and Sup-
port. In an editorial note it is alleged that the oath was volun-
tarily taken by the Free Male Taxibles." While we have no
desire to^question the patriotism of any of those who did sub-
scribe to the oath, it is obvious that such subscription was com-
pulsory and not voluntary ; and the minutes of the various Com-
mittees of Observation and Safety are full of instances of the
disagreeable consequence to those who declined to subscribe to
the oath. Conversely, it is not safe to assume that all of the
suspects on so-called Tory lists were really Tories ; for it
transpired in many instances that persons charged with dis-
loyalty to the state, had already signed the test in a hundred or
ieounty, about which the border lines were hazy.

The Quarterly contains also interesting transcripts of Bible
records, diaries and tombstone inscriptions, that should prove
of value to genealogists and historians.

NOTES.

199

The Editor of this Magazine desires to secure brief biographi-
cal sketches of all Marylanders of prominence and especially of
former members of this Society. Por many years past it has
been customary to supply each new member of the Society with
a blank form on which to record such biographical or genealogi-
cal data as he may care to give for future reference. Less than
five per cent, of these blanks have been returned to the Society !

It is very difficult to secure reliable information concerning
those who have passed away, even within the last twenty-five
years, and many professional people of very considerable prom-
inence have passed away leaving little printed information as to
their lives and work.

Many of the so-called biographical dictionaries are practically
valueless as they contain an undue proportion of sketches,
adorned with portraits, of persons who were assured by the
polite solicitor that the work would be incomplete without them
(and their subscriptions), while the really prominent people of
the period are conspicuous by their absence.

Full names, and dates of birth and death are particularly
d^ired, together with record of public services and private
work or any other items of real interest and value concerning
deceased natives and citizens of Maryland.

Many of our members doubtless have preserved such data
relating to friends or relatives and copies of any such material
will be gratefully received by the Editor, who has already col-
lected at the expense of great labor, a few thousand of such
sketches, in the attempt to preserve from oblivion the memory
of useful citizens who have done their part in the upbuilding of
the City and State.

The September number of the Magazine will contain a list
of those Marylanders who have beaa especially honored by the
State or Nation.